Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Chemistry > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
0
Q

Contain peptide chains on hydrolysis yield only amino acids. (Classification of Proteins)

A

Simple Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Proteins are synthesized in the liver and secreted by hepatocytes into circulation except:

A

Immunoglobulins

*secreted by plasma cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Comprise of a protein and a non-protein moeity/ prosthetic grp. (Classification of Proteins)

A

Conjugated proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Also known as transthyretin.
Half-life of 2 days.
Used as landmark to confirm if specimen is really CSF.

A

Prealbumin

*rich in tryptophan, contain 0.5% carbohydrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Prealbumin

Increased in:
Decreased in:

A

Increased:
Alcoholism
Chronic Renal Failure
Steroid treatment

Decreased:
POOR NUTRITION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is it in Cirrhosis we find patients with normal Total Protein?

A

Increased Globin, decreased albumin

Makes total protein NORMAL.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A1-anti-trypsin deficiency is seen in:

A

Emphysema
Juvenile hepatic cirrhosis

Increased in:
Inflamation
Pregnancy
Contraceptive use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A glycoprotein that migrates between albumin and a-1 globulin band.

A

Alpha-feto protein

  • AFP screening is done between 15-20 weeks of gestational age when the maternal level increases gradually.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Decreased levels of alpha-feto protein.

A

Down’s syndrome

*increased in:
Hepatoma >1000ng/ml
Spina bifida
Nueral tube defects
GIT atresia
Ataxia telangiectasia
Tyrosinosis
HDN
Anencephaly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Protein that contains high percentage of CHO and sialic acid ( 45% and 11-12% respectively)
Also known as OROSMUCOID.

A

a1-Acid Glycoprotein

*greatest affinity for PROGESTERONE; binds with quinidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Protein / serine protease with CATHEPSIN G.

Migrates between the a1 and a2 zones

A

a1-Antichymotrypsin

  • binds and inactivates PSA (prostate specific Antigen)
  • seen in Alzheimer’s disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Binds heme released by degradation of hemoglobin; has the strongest affinity with heme.

Helps in the diagnosis of EARLY HEMOLYSIS

A

Hemopexin

*migrates in the Beta region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Protein that exhibits affinity with vitamin D and Actin.

A

Group-specific component (Gc)-Globulin

*migrates between a1 and a2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Indicator of Wilson’s disease. (Decreased)

A

Ceruloplasmin

*features of Wilson’s disease:
Deposition of copper in the skin, brain and cornea (Kayser-Fleisher ring)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Largest major non-immunoglobulin protein in plasma.

A

a2-Macroglobulin /AMG

*increase 10x in nephrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Light chain component of the major human leukocyte antigen.

Found on ths surface of most nucleated cells.

Needed in the production of CD8 cells.

A

B2-Microglobulin

Increased in:
Renal Failure
Multiple Myeloma
RA
SLE
HIV
16
Q

Also known as SIDEROPHILIN.

Major component of the b2-globulin fraction.

A

Transferrin

  • also a negative acute phase reactant LIKE ALBUMIN
  • elevated levels appear as “paraprotein”
17
Q

A member of pentraxin protein family.

Gamma-migrating protein.

A

C-reactive protein.

18
Q

Highly specific for AMI.

A

Troponin I

19
Q

Overload proteinuria includes conditions:

A

Hemoglobinuria
Myoglobinuria
Bence-Jones proteinuria

20
Q

Most common and serious type of abnormal proteinuria.

Often called as albuminuria.

A

Glomerular proteinuria

21
Q

Is an early indicator of glomerular dysfunction.

A

Microalbuminuria

22
Q

An ultra-filtrate of plasma formed in the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain.

A

CSF

23
Q

Is the presence in CSF of 2 or more IgG bands in the gamma region.

Seen in MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS.

A

CSF OlIgoclonal banding.

24
Q

An inborn error of metabolism characterized by the absence of homogentisate oxidase in tyrosine pathway.

A

Alkaptonuria

*clinical feature: OCHRONOSIS/ Tissue pigmentation

25
Q

Screening test for Homocystinuria.

A

Modified Guthrie Test
*L-methionine sulfoximine antagonist.

  • also for MSUD –> 4-azaleucine antagonist
  • reduced or absence of cystathionine B-synthetase
26
Q

Characterized by the absence of a-ketoacid decarboxylase.

A

MSUD

*leucine isoleucine valine LIV increased!!!

27
Q

Autosomal recessive disorder deficient of phenylalanine hydrolase, phenylalanine-4-mono-oxygenase.

A

Phenylketonuria

*deficiency of tetrahydrobiopterin /BH4 also cause elevated blood levels of phenylalanine

Clinical Chemistry (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions