Proteins Flashcards
What are the different structures of Protein
Primary, Secondary, Teritary Quaternary
What compounds are proteins made of?
Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen , Hydrogen
What is usually written on the left hand side of a primary protein?
N- Termina (Amino Terminal)
What is the angle of rotation in a Primary protein called?
Ramachandran Angle
What is an example of a Primary protein?
Insulin
Describe the peptide bond in a primary protein?
Partially DOUBLE BONDED
How many chains make up insulin?
2 Polypeptide chains
What are the polypeptide chains that make up insulin ?
A chain (Glycine)
B chain (Phenyl alanine)
These chains are held by what bonds?
2 Inter chain disulphide bonds
A chain ( 7th cystine ) - B chain (7th cystine)
A chain (20th cystine)- B chain (19th cystine)
A chain (6th cystine ) to A chain (11th cystine)
What disease is caused if there is a change from Glutamic acid to Valine ?
Sickle cell anaemia
What are the bonds that hold together a Secondary Protein?
Hydrogen, Hydrophobic Interactions, Electrostatic Bonds, Van Der Waals forces
Who discovered the Alpha helix structure and when?
Linus PAULING
Robert B. COREY and 1951
Features of a alpha helix sheet
- Most common
- Stable ( hydrogen bonds)
3.Each turn is 3.6 Amino acids
4.Spiral sturcture - Right- handed
What can destabilise the hydrogen binds in a secondary protein?
Proline , Hydroxyproline, Glycine
Where can secondary proteins be found?
Myoglobin and Haemoglobin
Which bonds are beta pleated sheets held together by?
Hydrogen bonds
Features of beta pleated sheets
parallel and anti-parallel
N- C N-C
N-C C-N
Examples of Secondary Proteins?
Silk Fibroin(anti-parallel)
Flavadoxin- (Parallel)
Carbonic Anyhdrase ( BOTH)
Features of Tertiary Protein
Functional unit
3D
Folding of secondary structure
What bonds are Tertiary proteins held by?
Hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic bonds, Van Der wall forces
What are examples of Tertiary Proteins?
Alcohol Dehydrogenase,
Lactate Dehydrogenase,
Malate Dehydrogenase,
Myoglobin
What bonds are stabilised by Quaternary Proteins?
Hydrogen bonds ,Electrostatic bonds, Hydrophobic interactions, Van der Waals forces
ALL OF THEM
Examples of Quaternary protein structure?
Haemoglobin -2 alpha & 2 beta chains
Immunoglobulin - 2 heavy & 2 light chains
