Enzymes Flashcards
What are the characteristics of Enzymes?
- They are heat viable
- They are Proteins
3.They are water soluble - They are precipitated by reagents such as Ammonium sulphate or trichloroacetic acid.
- They contain 16% of Nitrogen.
How many groups are Enzymes classified into?
6
What are the classifications of these Enzymes?
L- Ligase
O- Oxidoreductase
L- Lyase
I- Isomerase
Have - Hydrolases
to Transfer - Transferase
“ lol I have to transfer”
What function does Oxidoreductase do?
- Transfer of hydrogen or addition of oxygen
2.Redox reactions
e.g. Lactate dehydrogenase (NAD); Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP); Succinate dehydrogenase (FAD); di-oxygenases.
Purpose of Ligase ?
1.ATP dependent condensation of two molecules
2. Ligation (joining) of C- C bonds
e.g. Acetyl CoA carboxylase; Glutamine synthetase; PRPP synthetase
What is the function of Isomerases?
These are enzymes that catalyse geometric or structural changes within a molecule. They include racemases and epimerases. Example, Triose phosphate isomerase.
What is the function of Lyases?
1.Enzymes that catalyze cleavage of C—C, C—O, C—N, and other covalent bonds by atom elimination, generating double bonds.
2.They also form C-N bonds
Eg. Decarboxylase, synthase, aldolase
What is the purpose of Hydrolases?
These are responsible for hydrolysis reactions.
e.g. Acetyl choline esterase; Trypsin
Function fo Transferase?
Transfer of groups other than hydrogen. Two substrates -> two products
Example, Aminotransferase. (Subclass: Kinase, transfer of phosphoryl group from ATP; e.g. Hexokinase)
What classification does the enzyme Synthase belong to?
Lyase
What classification does the enzyme Synthetase belong to?
Ligase
“GET - liGase –> synthETase”
Which enzymes require ATP? Synthase or Synthetase?
Synthetase - “ Synthetase GET’s ATP”
