Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the structure of an amino acid?

A

-amino group
-carboxylic acid group
-variable r group

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2
Q

How are proteins made?

A

-condensation reaction between amino acids, form peptide bond
-dipeptide only two amino acids, polypeptide contains 3 or more amino acids

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3
Q

Describe the primary structure of a protein

A

-order and number of amino acids in a protein
-initial sequence of amino acids and will determine the proteins function in the end

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4
Q

Describe the secondary structure of a protein

A

-shape of amino acids chains
-alpha helix or beta pleated sheet
-weak hydrogen bonds form between the amino group and the hydroxyl group
-most fibrous proteins have secondary structures (e.g collagen and keratin)

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5
Q

describe the tertiary structure of proteins

A

-3D shape is formed from further twisting and folding
-disulphide bonds between sulphide in cysteine amino acids
-ionic bonds between carboxyl and amino groups
-hydrogen bonds between between r groups

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6
Q

what are globular and fibrous proteins?

A

-globular are compact, e.g. enzymes
-fibrous are long thus form fibres, e.g. keratin

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7
Q

What is the test for proteins?

A

-biuret tests the presence of peptide bonds
-add equal volumes of sodium hydroxide and the sample to a test tube
-add a few drops of copper sulphate and mix
-positive test turns from blue to purple

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