Proteins Flashcards
What is the structure of an amino acid
R group Amine Group (NH2) Carboxyl Group (COOH)
How are peptide bonds formed
X-COOH + NH2-Y -> X-C(O)N(H)-Y + H2O
What is the start and end of the polypeptide
Start = N-Terminus End = C-Terminus
What is an example of a protein with one polypeptide chain
Myoglobin
What is an example of a protein with 2 polypeptide chains
A and B chains of insulin
What is an example of a protein with 3 polypeptide chians
Collagen Helix of tendons and bones
What is an example of a protein with 4 polypeptide chains
the two alpha and beta subunits of haemoglobin
what are the 2 classes of R groups
Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic
What are the 3 divisions of the hydrophilic class of R groups
Acidic
Neutral
Basic
Which 3 groups make up the six hydrophilic side chains
=O
- OH
- NH
Which 1 group makes up the 2 acidic side chains
X-COO-
Which 1 group makes up the three basic side chains
-NH
What is the primary structure
order of the covalent polypeptide sequence
Location of Disulphide bridges, prosthetic groups, glycosylation
What is secondary structure
3-D Arrangement of ONLY the polypeptide main chain, stabilised by only hydrogen bond
What is the tertiary structure
3-D arrangement of amino acid side chains with each other and the main chain
Stabilised by hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, hydrophobic interactions, disulphide bridges