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Biochem > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

essential macronutrients

A

proteins

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2
Q

Naturally-occurring

A

proteins

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3
Q

unbranched polymer in which the

monomer units

A

amino acids

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4
Q

Account for about _____ of a cell’s overall mass.

A

15%, most abundant

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5
Q

Elemental composition of protein

A

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen (N),

oxygen (O), and sulfur (S)

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6
Q

Average nitrogen content is ____ by mass

A

15.4%

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7
Q

act as catalyst in enzyme; iron (Fe), phosphorus (P), and other metals in
certain specialized proteins

A

metalloproteins

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8
Q

metalloproteins

A

iron (Fe), phosphorus (P)

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9
Q

THE BUILDING
BLOCKS
OF PROTEINS (monomers)

A

amino acids

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10
Q

Amino acids in which the amino group

and the carboxyl group are attached to the

A

alpha-carbon

atom.

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11
Q

Representation of Side chain

A

R

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12
Q

Vary in size, shape, charge, acidity,
functional groups present, hydrogen-bonding ability,
and chemical reactivity. (identity)

A

Side chain (R)

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13
Q

____naturally occurring amino acids are known.

A

700

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14
Q

How many Standard Amino Acids

A

20

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15
Q

1 amino group + 1 carboxylic acid

group + 1 nonpolar group

A

Nonpolar amino acids

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16
Q

Not attracted to water molecules
• Found in the interior of proteins, where there is no
polarity

A

Hydrophobic

17
Q

how many non-polar acids

A

9

18
Q

what kind of amino acid is Hydrophilic

A

Polar amino acids

19
Q

1 amino group + 1 carboxylic acid group + 1

neutral polar group

A

Polar neutral

20
Q

do not carry charges

A

neutral

21
Q

The side chains of these amino acids exhibit

intermolecular forces of attraction

A

Polar neutral

22
Q

makes the amino acid

capable of interacting with polar solvents such as water

A

intermolecular forces of attraction

23
Q

In physiological conditions, the side chains of polar amino

acids are ________

A

uncharged

24
Q

normal physiological pH

A

2-7

25
Q

1 amino group + 1 carboxylic acid group + 1 acidic

group

A

Polar acidic

26
Q

Contains two acidic groups: carboxylic group, acidic side chain

A

Polar acidic

27
Q

In physiological conditions, the side chains of these amino acids
are _______charged due to the loss of the _______ atom.

A

negatively; acidic

hydrogen

28
Q

two polar acidic amino acid

A

aspartic acid (aspartate) and glutamic acid (glutamate)

29
Q

1 amino group + 1 carboxylic acid group + 1 basic

group

A

Polar basic

30
Q

In physiological conditions, the side chains of these amino acids
are positively charged due to the nitrogen atom gaining an acidic
hydrogen

A

Polar basic

31
Q

gaining an acidic

hydrogen

A

protonated

32
Q

In physiological conditions, the side chains of these amino acids
are positively charged due to the ______ gaining an acidic
hydrogen

A

nitrogen atom

33
Q

exempted in 3 letter symbols

A

Isoleucine (Ile), tryptophan (Trp),

asparagine (Asn), and glutamine (Gln)

Biochem (4 decks)

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