Protein Synthesis & Translation

Question 1

What does each tRNA have?

Answer 1

• 3 bases as one end called an anti-codon

Question 2

What does an anti-codon do?

Answer 2

• picks up a specific amino acid found in the cytoplasm and transfers it to a ribosome

Question 3

What is the most important feature of tRNA?

Answer 3

• it can bind to an amino acid at one end and to mRNA at the other
• depositing its amino acid in the correct position
• to form a specific protein

Question 4

What is the codon called that begins the process of protein synthesis?

Answer 4

• the ‘start signal’ codon

Question 5

What acts as ‘stop signals’ and how?

Answer 5

• 3 codons act as ‘stop signals’
• that indicate that the message is over and the protein chain is complete

Question 6

What is translation?

Answer 6

• the process by which a specific protein is formed from a chain of amino acids due to the sequence of codons in the mRNA (which was coded by the DNA)