protein synthesis exam questions

Question 1

what is a codon? (2)

Answer 1

-triplet/3 bases on mRNA
-that code for an amino acid.

Question 2

what is the role of RNA polymerase during transcription?

Answer 2

to join nucleotides together to form mRNA.

Question 3

explain why the percentages of bases from the middle part of the chromosome the end part are different. (2)

Answer 3

-different genes
-different base sequences.

Question 4

describe the role of nucleic acids in the synthesis of polypeptides. (6)

Answer 4

-sequence of bases on DNA determines amino acid sequence
-transcription to form mRNA.
-codons on mRNA
-complimentary base pairings
-A to U, T to A and C to G
-specific tRNA for each amino acid
-anticodon of tRNA binds to mRNA codon.
-at the ribosome.

Question 5

explain the role of the anticodon in protein synthesis. (2)

Answer 5

anticodon on tRNA binds to codon on mRNA
-as bases on anticodon are complimentary to bases on mRNA codon.

Question 6

what is the genome of an organism?

Answer 6

-all of the genes
-on a set of chromosomes