Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Explain this: DNA -> RNA -> Protein

Answer 1

DNA is a blueprint for the creation of proteins. A gene consist of a length of DNA that has a unique sequence of nitrogenous bases that code for polypeptide chain. One or more polypeptide chains form a protein.

Question 2

Explain the first stage of protein synthesis (TRANSCRIPTION)

Answer 2

1. information is trying to reach ribosome from the nucleus but the DNA is too large to pass out. 2. A copy is made producing the smaller (single stranded) mRNA that is a DNA template
2. This mRNA can move out of the nucleus and attach to ribosomes in the cytoplasm for protein assembly

Question 3

Explain the steps of Transcription

Answer 3

1. The DNA unwinds at a specific gene sequence that is to be copied
2. Using one of the DNA strands as a template, free mRNA nulcletoide bases attach complementary to the exposed DNA bases with the help of RNA polymerase
3. The base pairing rule is still present except there is Uracil instead of thymine
4. New synthesized mRNA molecules pass out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm to synthesize by ribosomes