Protein Synthesis

Question 1

RNA Polymerase

Answer 1

An enzyme that is required for transcription.

Question 2

mRNA

Answer 2

Carries the genetic code for a protein from the nucleus to the ribosomes where the proteins are assembled.

Question 3

tRNA

Answer 3

A type o RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis.

Question 4

Amino acids

Answer 4

Building blocks of protein.

Question 5

Codon

Answer 5

Three base sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid.

Question 6

Anti codon

Answer 6

A group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complimentary to an mRNA codon.

Question 7

Ribosome

Answer 7

Organelle where amino acids are added together to form proteins.

Question 8

Transcription

Answer 8

• RNA polymerase binds to a non-coding region of DNA –RNA polymerase moves along unzipping DNA, exposing bases.
• RNA polymerase attach to free (nucleotide)bases.
• Base pairing between DNA and RNA ensure that the mRNA is complimentary to the gene.
• mRNA forms leaving through the nucleus pores joining with ribosomes.

Question 9

Translation

Answer 9

-mRNA attaches to ribosomes
-Each codon is read
-tRNA that is attached to the corresponding will attach to the codon
-Then the ribosome moves along mRNA reading codons
When second tRNA molecule arrives the amino acids join
-Ribosomes finish translating mRNA , amino acid chain breaks off to fold up and forms a protein.

Question 10

In Transcription why does RNA polymerase bind to a non-coding region of DNA?

Answer 10

To make sure the complete coding region s transcribed.