Phenotypes/Mendel/Alleles

Question 1

Phenotype

Answer 1

Physical traits (resulting from genotype)

Question 2

Genotype

Answer 2

Genetical traits

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

A section of DNA that codes for a specific sequence of amino acids.

Question 4

Alleles

Answer 4

Different versions of the same gene

Question 5

Heterozygous

Answer 5

Having two different alleles

Question 6

Homozygous

Answer 6

Having two identical alleles of a gene

Question 7

Dominant

Answer 7

An allele that is always expressed.

Question 8

Recessive

Answer 8

An allele that is only expressed in the presence of a dominant allele.

Question 9

Heredity

Answer 9

Passing on traits through generations.

Question 10

Monohybrid Inheritance

Answer 10

Inheritance of a single characteristic.

Question 11

Who was Mendel?

Answer 11

‘The Father of Genetics’

He carried out genetic experiments with pea plants.

Question 12

What did Mendel notice about offspring characteristics in plants?

Answer 12

They were passed on from one generation to the next.

Question 13

What three important conclusions did Mendel reach?

Answer 13

• Characteristics in plants are determined by hereditary units.
• Hereditary units re passed on to offspring unchanged from both parents, on unit from each parent.
• Hereditary units can be recessive or dominant.

Question 14

Useful device for predicting the possible offspring of crosses between different genotypes.

Answer 14

Punnett square