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Biochem 2 > Protein Synthesis > Flashcards

Protein Synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

How many codons are there?

A

64

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2
Q

What is a wobble nucleotide?

A

The 3rd base on the codon, doesn’t matter as much in tRNA binding

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3
Q

What are the 2 termination codons?

A
  1. UAA
  2. UGA
  3. UAG
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4
Q

What is the initiation codon?

A

AUG

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5
Q

Which amino acids only have 1 codon?

A

Met and trp

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6
Q

What are the stop codons in the mitochondria?

A

AGA/AGG

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7
Q

Where is the CCA sequence found?

A

On the amino acid arm of the tRNA

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8
Q

Describe the aminoacetylation of tRNA

A
  1. Carboxyl of AA attacks alpha phosphorus of ATP = 5’ aminoacyl adenylate
  2. 2P groups removed=activated AA
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9
Q

What are class 1 aminoacyl tRNA synthases?

A

Attaches adenine to 2’C first, transfering to 3’ releasing AMP

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10
Q

What are class 2 aminoacyl tRNA synthases?

A

Attaches adenine directly to 3’C

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11
Q

Does the aminoacetylation of tRNA require ATP?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What is the initiator in mitochondria?

A

N formyl methionine

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13
Q

Describe initiation of translation.

A
  1. EIFA Blocks A site, EIF3bprevents 60s subunit from joining, EIF1 Binds to E site (40s)
  2. EIF2 binds tRNA, binds to P site
  3. EIF 4 uses ATP to bring in mRNA
  4. Complex scans mRNA until AUG found
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14
Q

When are all initiation factors thrown out?

A

When AUG arrives at P site

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15
Q

Describe elongation

A
  1. carboxyl end on met attacks AA2 amino group (using EFP)
  2. EF-Tu-GTP brings in aminoacyl tRNA and exits as EF-Tu-GDP
  3. EF-G-GTP: pushes tRNA at A site to P, leaves as EF-G-GDP
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16
Q

Describe termination

A

Nonsense codon arrives at A site

Release factors bind

17
Q

What do RF’s do? (there are 3)

A

Release factors: Bind at A site to release peptide from P site

18
Q

What do RRF’s do?

A

Ribosomal recyle factors: recycles components to initiation can begin again

Biochem 2 (6 decks)

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