Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Ricin

Answer 1

castor bean protein

-Inactivates 60s ribosome subunits. Toxic in very small doses, it has been used as a poison.

Question 2

Diphtheria toxin

Answer 2

ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor

Bacterial toxin modifies eEF-2, and inhibits human protein synthesis

Question 3

I-Cell disease

Answer 3

a mutation leads to glycosylation error

Improper glycosylation of a lysosomal enzyme causes the enzyme to be secreted instead.

Question 4

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 4

a mutation causes protein mis-folding

Chloride channel protein (CFTR) is normally targeted to the plasma membrane. Many mutations have been described; the most common in North America is the single amino acid deletion, DF508, which causes this membrane protein to be improperly folded and degraded.

Question 5

Anti-cancer drug- proteasome inhibitor

Answer 5

Anti-cancer drug (bortezomib) binds to a proteasomal protease. Rapidly growing tumor cells take up the drug, which causes premature cell death

Question 6

Ubiquitin targets proteins to

Answer 6

proteasome

Question 7

Chloramphenicol

Answer 7

Inhibits prokaryotic peptidyl transferase

Question 8

Steptomycin

Answer 8

Inhibits prokaryotic peptide chain initiatoin, induces mRNA misleading

Question 9

Neomycin

Answer 9

Similar to streptomycin

Question 10

Tetracycline

Answer 10

Inhibits prokaryotic aminoacyl-tRNA binding to ribosome small subunit

Question 11

Erythromycin

Answer 11

Inhibits prokaryotic translocation through the large ribosome subunit