Protein Synthesis

Question 0

Transcription

Step two
DNA separates

Answer 0

DNA strands separate exposing nucleotides ready for copying

Question 1

Transcription

Step one
RNA polymerase

Answer 1

RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter region of a gene on a strand of DNA

Question 2

Transcription

Step three
Messenger RNA

Answer 2

Messenger RNA pairs with DNA template strand

Question 3

Transcription

Step four
Nucleotides added

Answer 3

Nucleotides are added until RNA polymerase reaches a termination sequence in the DNA and releases messenger RNA

Question 4

Transcription

Step five
messenger RNA leaves nucleus

Answer 4

Messenger RNA moves out of nucleus, via nuclear pores, into the cytoplasm

Question 5

Translation

Step one
Ribosome binds with start codon

Answer 5

A ribosome binds with a start codon

in the messenger RNA. The start codon is AUG (amino acid methanine ( MET) )

Question 6

Translation

Step two
Transfer RNA attaches with messenger RNA

Answer 6

Transfer RNA, carrying a amino acid, has a complimentary anticodon that attaches to a corresponding messenger RNA codon.

Question 7

Translation

Step three
Ribosome moves along messenger RNA

Answer 7

As the ribosome moves along the strand of messenger RNA more amino acids are added to the growing chain. They form a peptide bond between amino acids which requires ATP.

Question 8

Translation

Step four
stop codon reached

Answer 8

At the stop codon the ribosome releases the messenger RNA and an amino acid chain (polypeptide)

Question 9

Translation

Step five
Amino acid chain becomes a protein

Answer 9

Amino acid chain folds into a 3-D shape (protein) creating extra bonds for stability. It goes to the golgi body where carbohydrates are added and is put in a vesicle for transport.