Protein Synthesis Flashcards
Genetic material combines in the nucleus of the cell which organisms inherit from their parents
DNA
The main enzyme used in DNA replication which attaches new nucleotides to the DNA, and proof reads the new DNA strand to make sure there were no mistakes during DNA replication
DNA Polymerase
Specific region of a gene where RNA polymerase can attach in begin transcription
Promotors
Single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
RNA
A subunit of which nuclear acids are made up of; they consists of a 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Nucleotide
The process that occurs in DNA makes a copy of itself it occurs during the S-phase of interphase
DNA replication
Type of RNA that combines with proteins to make up a ribosome
rRNA
Three nucleotide sequence that is found in tRNA
Anticodon
The process of mRNA copying a section of DNA inside of the nucleus
Transcription
Type of RNA that copies itself from a section of DNA, and takes the instructions to create a protein to the cytoplasm of the cell
mRNA
Type of RNA that carries or transfers each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis
tRNA
Sequence of DNA that codes for specific protein
Exon
Enzyme that links together RNA nucleotideS during transcription using a DNA strand is a template
RNA polymerase
A change in the genetic material of the cell that affects only a single gene
Gene mutation
Principle that states bonds in DNA can only occur between adenine and thymine; and cytosine and guanine
Base pairing
