Protein Synthesis

Question 1

What are the organelles involved in protein synthesis

Answer 1

Nucleus
Ribosomes
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Transport vesicles

Question 2

What are the 4 nitrogenous bases

Answer 2

Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine

Question 3

Explain what proteins DNA is wound around and what structure it forms

Answer 3

Histones, forming a nucleosome

Question 4

What are the 3 types of RNA

Answer 4

messenger RNA
transfer DNA
ribosomal RNA

Question 5

Explain the Gene activation process

Answer 5

The Cell signals for the dna to be uncoiled, start signal is exposed to being process of making protein. Genes are inactive as they are tightly coiled by histones. Must be signalled

Question 6

Explain the transcription process

Answer 6

DNA is transcribed into mRNA as it is too big to leave nucleus. when signal for protein occurs, enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to coding strand of DNA. Has opposite nitrgoneous base and thymine is replaced with uracil

Question 7

Explain the translation process

Answer 7

mRNA is translated into protein at the ribosome. amino acids attach the tRNA molecule which attaches to anticodon. Repeated until it reaches the stop codon. Polypeptide is completed and is released.