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cmb 2 > protein structure > Flashcards

protein structure Flashcards

1
Q

which way round is a D isomer of an AA

A

looking down H - αC bond, from H reads corn ANTICLOCKWISE

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2
Q

which way round is an AA L isomer

A

looking down H - αC bond, reads corn CLOCKWISE

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3
Q

which direction isomer are AAs in living organisms tho

A

L FORM

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4
Q

which kind of aa make up bacterial cell walls

A

D-AA residues make up cell walls and are often used in therapeutics

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5
Q

what gives polypeptides their structural polarity

A

n and c termini

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6
Q

what do you call a unit of a polypeptide chain

A

residue

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7
Q

what is the normal structural arrangement of an R chain

A

trans conformation; cis less energetically favourable

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8
Q

what shape is a peptide bond

A

planar - rotational freedom around αC, 2xH in glycine allows greater flexibility around peptide backbone

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9
Q

what does rotational freedom allow

A

formation of α helices and β pleated sheets

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10
Q

how are AAs categorised

A

structural and chemical properties

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11
Q

how are charged AAs subdivided

A

acidic/basic/ /+ve/-ve

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12
Q

what AA group are COO-/carboxyl in

A

charged or acidic

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13
Q

what AA group are NH3+/amine in

A

charged or basic

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14
Q

2º amine & carbonyl are in which group

A

polar

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15
Q

what group does an aa with a hydroxyl side chain go into

A

polar

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16
Q

what aa group does a hydrocarbon r chain go into

A

non polar hydrophobic

17
Q

what do polypeptides adopt their structure based on

A

Energy minimalisation - minimisation of the free energy of a molecule G determines the most favourable conformation

18
Q

what is greek for the change in free energy upon folding

A

ΔG

19
Q

what three things affect G

A
  1. Aq/lipid membrane
  2. other proteins or molecules incl salts
  3. change in environment can induce further conformational change eg receptor binding to a ligand
20
Q

how much weaker are other bonds than non covalent bonds

A

1/20 of the strength of covalent ones

21
Q

where do disuphide bonds form

A

between 2 cysteine residues

22
Q

what reaction makes a disulphide bond

A

oxidation between SH groups forms crosslink ☛➭➪distant in sequence but adj in 3D structure

23
Q

what defines the categories aa’s go in

A

their structural and chemical properties

24
Q

what determines the properties of AAs

A

the R chain

25
Q

why does folding occur

A

minimise the free energy of a molecule and form structure with the lowest free energy

26
Q

what confers the structural behaviour of a polypeptide chain

A

the chemical composition of the constituent AAs

cmb 2 (5 decks)

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