Protein digestion Flashcards
What are enzymes categories that break down proteins
Proteases
Peptidases
What enzymes initialy breakdown protein-peptides
Pepsin
Trypsin and chymotrypsin
What enzymes breakdown peptides to smaller peptides
Aminopeptidases
Carboxypeptidases
What is an endopeptidase
An enzyme that acts on the interior amino acids within a protein and so breaks the protein down into multiple smaller parts
What is an exopeptidase
An enzyme that acts on the terminal ends of the protein. Chopping them off one at a time. eventually removing them all.
What are the two types of exopeptidase
Aminopeptidases
Carboxypeptidases
How do amino acids enter into the enterocytes
They use a sodium co-transport mechanism (SAAT1)
How do amino acids leave the enterocytes
Through a sodium independent basis (facilitated transport)
How do dipeptides and tripeptides enter the enterocyte
They are co-tranported with hydrogen through the PepT1 receptor
What other transporter aids in the tripeptide/dipeptide transport
NHE3
What does NHE3 transporter do
It pumps sodium into the cell and hydrogen out of the cell, creating the acidic micro climate on the small intestine surface.
What is pharmacological feature of PEPT1
It is responsible for antibiotic transport into the enterocytes
