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M - Physiology Alimentary System (Callum Gibson- Smith) > Chewing and saliva > Flashcards

Chewing and saliva Flashcards

1
Q

Why do we chew food (x2)

A

Because food tastes good

To make sure its small enough for the oesophagus

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2
Q

What controls chewing

A

Voluntary somatic control

A reflex response

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3
Q

What is the reflex response when chewing

A

Its an inhibitory response to increased pressure on the mechanoreceptors in the mouth

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4
Q

How many salivary glands do we have

A

3 pairs

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5
Q

What are the salivary glands called

A

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

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6
Q

What does the parotid salivary gland secrete

A

A serous watery secretion

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7
Q

What does the submandibular salivary gland secrete

A

A mix of serous and mucous solution

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8
Q

What does the sublingual salivary gland secrete

A

A mucous secretion

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9
Q

What is the biggest salivary gland

A

The parotid

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10
Q

What does saliva contain? (x5)

A 
Water
Mucins
A-amylase
electrolytes
lysozymes
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11
Q

What is the percentage of water in saliva

A

99%

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12
Q

What is waters function in saliva

A

Moisten, Soften, dilute,

act as solvent

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13
Q

What is mucin

A

The protein component of saliva

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14
Q

What does mucin+water make

A

Mucous

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15
Q

What is the function of electrolytes in saliva

A

Controls the tonicity
If PH is too high - damages teeth
If pH is too low - creates tartare

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16
Q

What is the function of lysozymes in saliva

A

Kills bacteria and renders them inactive

17
Q

What systems control saliva secretion

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Reflex response

18
Q

Does parasympathetic activation stimulate or inhibit saliva secretion

A

stimulates

19
Q

Does sympathetic activation stimulate or inhibit saliva secretion

A

stimulates

20
Q

What nerves carry parasympathetic stimulus to the salivary glands

A

Facial (VII)

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

21
Q

What consistency of saliva does parasympathetic activation create

A

Watery

22
Q

What receptors are activated in sympathetic saliva release

A

A1

B2

23
Q

If A1 receptors are activated in sympathetic saliva release what is the main constituant of the saliva

A

High mucous content

24
Q

If B2 receptors are activated in sympathetic saliva release what is the main constituant of the saliva

A

High Amylase content

25
Q

What activates the A1 and B2 adrenoreceptors in the sympathetic saliva release

A

Adrenaline

26
Q

Can A1 and B2 adrenoreceptors be activated individually?

A

yes - pharmacologically

27
Q

What activates the reflex response causing saliva release

A

Mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors on walls of mouth and tongue

M - Physiology Alimentary System (Callum Gibson- Smith) (8 decks)

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