Protein - basic principles of protein metabolism

Question 1

Amino acids are a source of nitrogen in the body. 1g nitrogen =?g protein

Answer 1

1 g nitrogen = 6.25g protein
Protein = 16% nitrogen

Question 2

How to calculate nitrogen balance?

Answer 2

• Determine nitrogen excretion (e.g., urine, faeces, sweat) (in grams per 24 h period)
• Determine nitrogen intake
  
  • Protein intake (as grams per day) divided by 6.2
• N balance = nitrogen intake - excretion

Question 3

What is the protein reference nutrient intake (RNI)?

Answer 3

0.75 g/kg/d

Question 4

What is muscle mass regulated by?

Answer 4

The dynamic balance between synthesis and breakdown of proteins

Question 5

Does high protein diets cause a decline in kidney and liver function?

Answer 5

No - there is no data which links high protein diet to renal disease (WHO).