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AAA Biochemistry > Protein > Flashcards

Protein Flashcards

1
Q

Imino Acid

A

Proline

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2
Q

With alipathic side chain

A 
Glycine
Alanine
Valine
Leucine
Isoleucine
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3
Q

With hydroxylic groups

A

Serine
Threonine
Tyrosine

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4
Q

With sulfur atoms

A

Cysteine

Methionine

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5
Q

With aromatic side chains

A 
Histidine
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Tryptophan
Proline
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6
Q

With basic groups

A

Arginine
Lysine
Histidine

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7
Q

With acidic groups and amides

A

Aspartic acid
Asparagune
Glutamic acid
Glutamine

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8
Q

Smallest side chain
First step of heme synthesis
Purine synthesis
Inhibitory NT in spinal cord

A

Glycine

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9
Q

Carries nitrogen from peripheral tissues to the liver

A

Alanine

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10
Q

Branched chain amino acid

Accumulate in MSUD

A

Valine
Isoleucine
Leucine

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11
Q

Accumulate in phenylketonuria

A

Phenylalanine

Phenyllactate, phenylacetate and phenylpyruvate

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12
Q

Deficient in PKU

A

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

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13
Q

Longest side chain

Precursor for niacin, serotonin, and melatonin

A

Tryptophan

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14
Q

Precursor of homocysteine

A

Methionine

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15
Q

Uncharged polar side chains

A 
Cysteine
Tyrosine
Serine
Threonine
Asparagine
Glutamine
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16
Q

Precursor of thyroxine and melanin; dopa, norepi and epinephrine

A

Tyrosine

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17
Q

Phosphorylation site of enzyme modification

Linked to carbohydrate groups in glycoprotein

A

Serine

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18
Q

Sites for O-linked glycosylation in Golgi apparatus

A

Serine and threonine

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19
Q

With carbonyl group and amide group that can form H-bonds

A

Asparagine and Glutamine

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20
Q

Site for N-linked glycosylation in ER

A

Asparagine

21
Q

Major carrier of nitrogen to the liver from peripheral tissues
Forms ammonia

A

Glutamine

22
Q

Acidic side chains

A

Aspartate

Glutamate

23
Q

Precursor for GABA and glutamate

A

Glutamate

24
Q

Basic amino acids

A

Arginine
Lysine
Histidine

25
Q

Used in the diagnosis of folic acid deficiency (N-formiminoglutamate excretion test)
Precursor of histamine

A

Histidine

26
Q

Precursor of creatinine, urea and nitric oxide

A

Arginine

27
Q

With sulfur

A

Cysteine

Methionine

28
Q

L-configuration usually found in

A

AA in protein

29
Q

D-configuration found in:

A

Bacterial cell wall, antibiotics

30
Q

Chemical compound with net charge of zero

A

Zwitterion

31
Q

Essential AA

A 
Phenylalanine
Valine
Tryptophan
Threonine
Isoleucine
Methionine
Histidine
Arginine
Leucine
Lysine
32
Q

Conditionally non-essential

A

Arginine

Histidine

33
Q

Enzymes for sequencing of:

N-terminal AA

A

Sanger’s (1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene)

Edman’s (Phenylisothiocyanate)

34
Q

Enzymes for sequencing of:

C-terminal AA

A

Hydrazine

Carboxypeptidase

35
Q

Secondary structure:
R handed spiral
Parallel to helix
Ex.: keratin and hemoglobin

A

Alpha helix

36
Q

Secondary structure:
Sheets
H bonds perpendicular to helix
Ex.: Amyloid and immunoglobulin

A

Beta pleated sheets

37
Q

B bends
Loop and coil
Motifs/ supersecondary

A

Other Secondary structures

38
Q

Fundamentally functional and 3-d structural units of a polypeptide
Formed by combinations of motifs

A

Domains

39
Q

Specialized groups of proteins required for proper folding of many species of proteins
Prevent aggregation
Rescue proteins by unfolding hydrophobic regions

A

Chaperones

40
Q

Hemoglobin of conception up to first few months

At yolk sac

A

Hb gower

41
Q

Hb at first few months to birth

At liver

A

Hb F

42
Q 
Myoglobin vs hemoglobin:
1 polypeptide
1 Oxygen
For O2 storage
With allosteric effect
Hyperbolic curve
A

Myoglobin

43
Q 
Myoglobin vs Hemoglobin
4 polypeptides
4 Oxygen
For O2 transport
With allosteric effect
Sigmoidal curve
A

Hemoglobin

44
Q 
Collagen Type Defect
Ehler Danlos
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Scurvy
Alport
Menke
Epidermolysis Bullosa
A 
Collagen Type Defect
Ehler Danlos - type 3
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - type 1
Alport - type 4
Epidermolysis Bullosa - type 7
45
Q 
Clinical correlates:
Taller and thinner
Dolichostenomelia
Arachnodactyly
Ascending aorta dilation
A

Marfan syndrome

46
Q

Clinical correlates:
Hematuria
ESRD

A

Alport syndrome

47
Q

Clinical correlates:
Kinky hair
Growth retardation

A

Menke syndrome

48
Q 
Clinical correlates:
Multiple fractures
Blue sclera
Hearing loss
Dental imperfection
A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

AAA Biochemistry (7 decks)

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