Protein Flashcards
- What is the primary function of proteins in the human body?; Proteins play crucial roles in growth
repair
- What are the essential elements found in proteins?; Proteins consist of oxygen
carbon
- What does the biological value of protein measure?;
It is a measure of the proportion of absorbed protein from food that is incorporated into the protein of the organisms body. It shows the degree of utilisation of protein inside the cells of the organism.
- What characterizes high biological value (HBV) proteins?;
HBV proteins contain all essential amino acids in sufficient quantities and are predominantly sourced from animals.
- What defines low biological value (LBV) proteins?;
LBV proteins lack one or more essential amino acids and are commonly found in plant-based foods.
- What are essential amino acids?;
Essential amino acids are those that the body cannot produce in adequate amounts and must be obtained from the diet.
- What are non-essential amino acids?;
Non-essential amino acids are amino acids that the body can synthesize if sufficient nitrogen is available.
- What are conditionally essential amino acids?;
Conditionally essential amino acids are amino acids produced by the body but become essential in specific situations like critical illness.
- What are peptides?; Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
essential for hormone and enzyme production.
- What happens to proteins when they are heated?; Heating proteins leads to denaturation
causing changes in structure
- What is the effect of heat on collagen and elastin in meat?; Collagen and elastin in meat begin to coagulate at 60℃
resulting in meat shrinkage and increased firmness.
- What is the protein requirement for children aged 1-3 years?;
Children aged 1-3 years require approximately 14.5 grams of protein per day to support growth and development.
- How many grams of protein per day are recommended for males aged 19-50 years?;
Males aged 19-50 years need around 55.5 grams of protein daily to meet their nutritional needs.
- What is the protein intake recommendation for females aged 15-18 years?;
Females aged 15-18 years should aim for about 45.4 grams of protein per day for optimal health.
- Which protein is found in meat and fish connective tissue?;
Collagen is a protein present in meat and fish connective tissue.
- In which food source is myosin
a muscle tissue protein
- What protein is mainly located in meat muscle fibers?;
Elastin is predominantly found in meat muscle fibers.
- Which protein is abundant in milk and cheese?;
Caseinogen is a significant protein present in milk and cheese.
- What is the protein name in egg white?;
Ovalbumin is the protein name found in egg whites.
- What is the primary protein in wheat?; Gluten
specifically glutenin
- What protein is commonly associated with barley?;
Hordenin is a protein often linked to barley.
- What are the protein requirements for infants aged 0-3 months?; Infants aged 0-3 months need approximately 12.5 grams of protein daily for growth.
- How much protein per day is recommended for adolescents?; Adolescents require protein for their growth and development
with specific amounts varying based on age and sex.
- What are the protein requirements for pregnant women?;
Pregnant women need increased protein intake to support the developing baby’s growth and health.
- How does the body react when proteins are heated?; Heating proteins leads to denaturation
altering their structure and properties.
- What is the role of peptides in the body?; Peptides are crucial for hormone and enzyme formation
contributing to normal cellular function.
- What is the difference between oligopeptides and polypeptides?; Oligopeptides contain fewer amino acids (less than ten) than polypeptides
which have more than ten amino acids.
- What is the primary function of HBV proteins?; High biological value (HBV) proteins provide all essential amino acids in sufficient quantities
crucial for the body’s protein synthesis.
- Which foods are rich in HBV proteins?; HBV proteins are mainly found in animal sources like meat
fish
