Prosthetics Flashcards
Immediate postoperative prothesis
Rigid
Shrinker, elastic bandange
Soft
Allows early ambulation, improves outcomes, reduces falls
IPOP
Reduce edema, allows for early ambulation
Semi-Rigid
Reduces edema, inexpensive, allows ROM
Soft
Post-op exercise
ROM to prevent contractures, prone positioning every 3-4 hours, elevation of residual limb
Bears most weight on the heel, aid late stance
Transmetatarsal amputation
No moving parts, simulates PF, wooden heel
SACH
Allows only PF/DF
Single Axis
Used for Transtibial amputations, total contact, non weight bearing on crest of tibia
Patellar Tendon Bearing Socket
Stump socks are used an an interface between socket and skin
Hard Socket
Apply forces over the entire residual limb, uses a liner
Total surface bearing socket
High amount of pressure in the popliteal space, made of leather
Supracondylar Cuff
Used with patella tendon bearing prosthesis, no straps needed, self-suspending
Medial wedge
Used with instability of the knee and uses hinges for support
Thigh corset and knee hinges
Allows no swing-phase flexion, allows amputee to bend knee while sitting
Manually locking knee
Constant friction, most basic design,
Single Axis
Appropriate for limited ambulators
Stance control, friction brake
Partially encapsulates the top of the ischium within the socket walls, improves stability
Ischial Containment
Total contact, socket alligned in a few degrees of adduction and flexion
Quad fitting
Most secure TF suspension
Vacuum
Adjustable and able to accommodate volume changes
Strap
Prosthetic causes of excessive knee flexion
High shoe heel, insufficiency Pf, stiff heel cushion, socket too far anterior
Anatomic causes of excessive knee flexion
Flexion contracture, weak quads
Prosthetic causes of insufficient knee flexion
Low shoe heel, excessive PF, socket too far posterior,
Anatomical causes of insufficient knee flexion
Extensor spasticity, weak quadriceps
Cause of lateral thrust in midstance
Excessive foot inset
Cause of medial thrust in mistance
Excessive foot outset
Prosthetic cause of early knee flexion
High shoe heel, insufficient PF, socket too far anterior
Anatomic causes of early knee flexion
Flexion contracture
Prosthetic causes of delayed knee flexion
Low shoe heel, excessive PF, socket too far posterior
Anatomical causes of delayed knee flexion
Extensor spasticity
Prosthetic cause of abduction
Long prosthesis, abducted hip joint, sharp or high medial wall
Anatomical causes of abduction
Abduction contracture, weak abductors
Prosthetic causes of circumduction
Long prosthesis, loose friction, PF
Anatomical causes of circumduction
Abduction contracture, poor knee control
Prosthetic cause of lateral bend
Short prosthesis, sharp medial wall
Anatomical causes of lateral bend
Abduction contracture, hip pain, instability
Prosthetic causes of forward flexion
Unstable knee unit, short walker
Prosthetic causes of lordosis
Inadequate socket flexion
Anatomical causes of lordodis
Hip flexion contracture, weak extensor
High heel rise
Inadequate friction, slack extension aid
Terminal Impact
Inadequate flexion, forceful hip extension
Uneven Step Length
Uncomfortable socket, hip flexion contracture, instability
