Prosthetic Componentry Flashcards
what is the most common type of amputation
TTA
out of the approximately 185000 amputations per year, what comprises 54% and 45% of them respectively
vascular disease and trauma
what percentage of DM patients will require another amputation in 2-3 years
55% - typically on the contralateral limb
what is the 5 year mortality rate of amputees due to vascular disease
50%
what is the gold standard for immediate post operative care for an amputation
rigid removable dressing (RRD)
what are the three main functions of a ace wrap and shrinker
moves fluid out, shapes the limb, and desensitizes the RL
what are the five phases of prosthetics as defined by Jonas
- post op dressing
- evaluation and casting
- early prosthesis and gait training
- continue adjustments and training
- definitive prosthesis
what time is a good benchmark for prosthetic evaluation and gait activities
6 weeks
how is the cast made
plaster (historical), fiberglass, and CAD
what are the goals of a preparatory prosthesis (2)
- gets the patient ambulatory
2. made from adjustable components
describe K levels in terms of prosthetic components
K0 - no prosthetic - wheelchair bound K1 - most basic components K2 - single speed ambulator K3 - variable speed ambulator K4 - advanced ambulator
what are the three categories of transtibial componentry
- socket and suspension
- shank/pylon
- foot and ankle
there are two categories of design for TTA sockets which are ____
total contact/total surface bearing and patellar tendon bearing
what are the four pressure tolerant areas
patellar tendon, pre tib area, medial tib, and popliteal
what are the three pressure intolerant areas
head of fib, distal tib, and tib tube
what is the most common type of suspension
mechanical - locking pin or lanyard
what are three common liners
gel, silicone, and urethane
what is the advantage but disadvantage of gel liners
the are most comfortable but break down quickly
where does the sock go in relation to the liner or RL
sock goes outside of the liner - not in contact with RL
when is a SACH foot most indicated
“solid ankle cushioned heel” for K0-1
what is the advantage of a single axis foot over a SACH
it has one axis of rotation graded by bumpers to increase safety and stability
what is the advantage of a hydraulic single axis foot over a single axis foot
increases control of DF/PF and improves energy return leading to decreased impact on the RL
when is a flexible keel foot indicated
K2
a patient is graded at K3 - what is an ideal foot ankle component for their prosthesis
ESAR aka flex foot - energy storage and return -
what type of foot ankle prosthesis component allows for inversion and eversion
multiaxial foot
what are the four categories of transfemoral componentry
- socket/suspension
- knee
- shank/pylon
- foot and ankle
what is the most common type of socket design for transfemoral prostheses
ischial containment such as narrow M-L or CAT-CAM
what is the most modern type of socket for transfemoral prostheses and what suspension is it commonly paired with
subischial with a elevated vacuum
what are common categories of knees
- single axis constant friction
- polycentric constant friction
- single axis hydraulic/pneumatic
- polycentric hydraulic/pneumatic
- microprocessor
what is the most basic knee
single axis constant friction
what type of knee exhibits a shifting center of rotation primarily flexion/ext
polycentric constant friction
a patient with a K3-4 will likely need which knee (minimum ideal)
single axis hydraulic/pneumatic
what has higher than baseline energy expenditure - bilateral TTA or transfemoral
transfemoral
how long are definitive prostheses designed to last
3-5 years
what is verrucous hyperplasia
redness on distal end of RL without pressure due to patient not making contact with bottom of socket
