Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

how long until full term?

A

37 weeks

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2
Q

what are the three phases of embryonic development

A

germinal (fertilization to 2 weeks)
embryonic (2-8wks)
fetal (8wks-birth)

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3
Q

what are common symptoms of the first trimester

A

N/V, fatigue, backaches, mood swings, stress

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4
Q

what are common symptoms of the second trimester

A

pain in abdomen and groin, backache, tingling in hands and feet, SOB

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5
Q

what are common symptoms of the third trimester

A

SOB, frequent urination, heartburn, swelling, trouble sleeping

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6
Q

what are the weeks associated with the trimesters

A

0-13
14-27
28-37-40

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7
Q

many of the physiologic and morphologic changes of pregnancy persist _______ after postpartum

A

4-6 weeks

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8
Q

what are the FITT recommendations from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2015)

A
  • moderate intensity at RPE 13-14
  • 20-30 min per day
  • most/every day of the week
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9
Q

aerobic and strength training how many days per week and beginning when for pregnant patients

A

3-4 d/w starting late first trimester or second trimester

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10
Q

T/F: high intensity exercise is associated with increased risk of preterm birth and/or low birth weight

A

false

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11
Q

what are three things to avoid in exercise guidelines for pregnant patients

A
  1. avoid single leg weight bearing as it may shift the pubic symphysis or SIJ
  2. avoid supine and prone
  3. avoid valsalva as it may increase pressure on the uterus and pelvic floor
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12
Q

what is a simple recommendation that pregnant patients should add to their exercise routine

A

engage the pelvic floor during exercise

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13
Q

what is diastasis recti and how does it impact treatment after pregnancy

A

separation of the RA in the midline at the linea alba due primarily to hormonal changes

can result in lack of support for trunk and L spine

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14
Q

what are the three common pelvic floor laxity dysfunctions

A

cystocele, rectocele, and uterine laxity

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15
Q

what is supine hypotension syndrome

A

increased pressure on IVC in supine from enlarged uterus/fetus leading to lightheadedness and dizziness while in supine and relieved with L sidelying

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16
Q

what two things must occur anatomically for the patient to be “ready” to give birth

A

10cm dilation and 100% effacement

17
Q

what is the difference between Braxton-Hicks contractions and uterine contractions

A

BHC

  • less severe (can talk through the pain)
  • irregular or irrhythmic
  • brought on by exercise likely
  • relieved with rest and drinking cool water
18
Q

how long do uterine contractions last

A

30-70 seconds

19
Q

what five conditions are commonly associated with premature membrane rupture

A
  1. breech
  2. multiple gestation
  3. amniotic fluid infection
  4. intrapartum fetal distress
  5. preceding preterm birth
20
Q

what is incompetent cervix

A

painless cervical dilation in the 2nd or early 3rd trimester with prolapse into the vagina

21
Q

what is placenta previa

A

placenta low/near the cervix - if it separates from the uterus during labor it can cause bleeding, shock, and death to the mother or prematurity or death to the fetus

22
Q

what are the consequences of maternal hypertensive disorders

A

deterioration of organ and system function

23
Q

what are the consequences of fetal hypertensive disorders

A

reduced utero-placental perfusion

24
Q

what are the four types of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy

A

gestational HTN, preeclampsia, eclampsia, chronic HTN

25
Q

what is gestational HTN

A

BP >140/90 for first time during pregnancy, no proteinuria, and BP returns to normal <12 weeks postpartum

26
Q

what defines preeclampsia

A

BP 140/90 after 20 wks gestation, proteinuria, ^serum creatinine, low platelets, ^liver enzymes

27
Q

what are symptoms of preeclampsia (5)

A
persistent HA
visual disturbances
swelling in hands, ankles, legs
R side pain under ribs
severe heartburn
28
Q

what is eclampsia

A

seizures, medical emergency, requires immediate delivery

29
Q

multiple gestation results in a higher risk of what

A

premature onset of labor and birth

30
Q

when does gestational DM usually begin

A

20-24 weeks

31
Q

what is a simple correction that can be made to patients who wish to lay supine if we want to avoid supine hypotension syndrome

A

pillow under the right hip to tilt the fetus off the IVC

32
Q

what are three considerations for AROM instruction in pregnant patients

A
  1. one limb at a time
  2. avoid extremes of motion or stretching
  3. no active abs - no leg lifts/sit ups
33
Q

exhaustive list of the roles of the PT s/p NVD (8)

A
  • posture
  • PFM strength
  • diastasis recti correction
  • ab strength
  • aerobic and functional strength
  • pain mgmt
  • post-epidural complications
  • screen for postpartum anxiety and depression
34
Q

post operative care of the cesarean patient should include all of the same considerations from NVD and what else (3)

A
  1. breathing/coughing instruction
  2. pain mgmt
  3. early mobilization and muscle pumping
35
Q

the APTA recommends ____ weeks of “fourth trimester” care

A

12