Prostate Disorders Flashcards
define benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
an increase in the size of the prostate gland (without malignancy) due to advancing age
risk factors of BPH
> 50yrs of age
FH of BPH
non-Asian heritage
clinical features of BPH
smooth, enlarged feeling of prostate incontinence nocturia hesitation in initiating urination reduced stream force and straining incomplete bladder emptying post-void dribbling
describe the IPSS score for BPH
used to give figure for degree of issue caused by BPH
0-7: mild symptoms
8-19: moderate symptoms
20-35: severe symptoms
investigations of BPH
DRE
urine dipstick
rectal and renal US
bloods (FBC, U+Es, creatinine, LFTs and PSA)
management of BPH if IPSS score 0-7
watchful waiting
adjust lifestyle factors
bladder training and pelvic floor exercise
management of BPH if IPSS score 8-19:
alpha blocker (tamsulosin) 5-𝛂 reductase inhibitors (finasteride)
difference between alpha-blockers and 5-𝛂 reductase inhibitors in BPH
alpha blockers begin working in days and are well tolerated
5-𝛂 reductase inhibitors take several months to improve symptoms
management of BPH if IPSS score 20-35
transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)
indications to perform a transurethral vaporisation of prostate in BPH
IPSS score 20-35
prostate >80g
bladder stones
bladder diverticulitis
define prostatitis
inflammation and/or infection of the prostate gland
describe acute bacterial prostatitis
acute onset of inflammation often accompanied by
systemic upset
describe chronic prostatitis
recurrent or persistent prostatitis often occurring due to bacterial infection
risk factors of prostatitis
UTI epididymitis catheter urethral surgery prostate stones
clinical features of prostatitis
perineal or prostatic pain dysuria urinary frequency and urgency fever malaise
