Prostate and bladder cancer -men

Question 1

Diagnosis

Answer 1

Digital rectal exam
Ultra sound
PSa
biopsy

Question 2

Mangement

Answer 2

small low grade tumours - nothing, significant - radical treatment , pallitive treatment for advance tumours

Radical prostatectomy - prostate removed, seminal vesicles
Radical radriotherpay

Palliation
-anti-androgen drugs, radiotherapy locally

Question 3

Pathology of bladder

Answer 3

Stones, inflammations, tumours - carcinoma, papilloma, conenctive tissue tumours

Question 4

Carcinoma of bladder

Answer 4

Macro - most ar epapillary micro - most are ruothelial some squamous , adenocarcinoma

Treatment - superficial - local therapy - BCG - bacteria in bladder
-cystectomy - detrusor muscle

Question 5

Clinical features of carcinoma of bladder

Answer 5

haematuria, reccurent of new tumours - do urine cytology

Question 6

Renal cell carcinoma

Symptoms

Answer 6

Macroscopic - well circumscribed mass, red, yellow brown, may invade renal vien

Microscopic - adenocarcinoma, clear cell variant most common,

Symptoms - haematouria, flank pain, paliable abdominal mass , ectopic hromone production