Prostate Flashcards

1
Q

what is the normal PSA

A

<4 ng /mL

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2
Q

Histology of prosate cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

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3
Q

Can stage 1 lesions detected on a rectal exam ?

A

no

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4
Q

What stage lesion is goes into the seminal vesicles

A

stage III

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5
Q

What stage lesion involves the bladder and rectum

A

Stage IV

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6
Q

T/F prostate cancer is a slow growing disease

A

true

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7
Q

T/F According to the NCA observation is a valid alternative to tx for patients with TI-T2 stage tumors

A

True

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8
Q

T/F radical prostatectomy is a viable option for stage T3 disease

A

F. radical prostatectomy alone is not efficient for disease control - will also need hormone therapy or radiation therapy

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9
Q

Antiandrogens

A

Block testosterone

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10
Q

What are the parameters for CT sim of prostate?s

A

scan below diaphragm and mid femur.

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11
Q

Name 2 risk factors for Prostate Cancer

A
  1. over 55, 2. african american
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12
Q

Name 2 symptoms of Prostate Cancer

A
  1. decreased urination, Frequency, Hematuria
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13
Q

List the lymphatics of prostate

A

obturator - external iliac, hypogastric (internal iliac), common iliac, para aortic

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14
Q

What is the dose for IMRT, WHat is the dose for brachytherapy?

A

IMRT - 78-79 Gy. Brachytherapy - 145 Gy

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15
Q

In the adult male, urinary tract problems often result from enlargement of the _____gland - which surrounds the urethra

A

prostate

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16
Q

After spermatogenesis has occurred, the immature sperm passes into the ______for their maturation.

A

epididymis

17
Q

label

A

bladder, prostate, urethra, prostate base, prostate apex

18
Q

where does prostate met to?

A

bone

19
Q

How is prostate cancer graded

A

gleeson scores. graded fro 1 to 5 (5 being the worst prognosis). the 2 worst grades are added together to make up Gleason score

20
Q

elevated PSA after tx may indicate:

A

recurrence of tumor

21
Q

What anatomic position are patients in for HDR, LDR procedures

A

lithotomy position

22
Q

Epidemiology : 1 in ______men will get prostate cancer in their lifetime

A

8 men

23
Q

how are the seminal vesicles positioned in relation to the prostate?

A

superior to the prostate and angled posterior toward the rectum

24
Q

most prostate cancers are found in the __of the prostate

A

peripheral

25
Q

As men age - prostate hyperplasia (enlargement of the prostate) occurs in the_______aspect of the prostate.

A

central zone

26
Q

anatomy: the prostate lies________to the pubic symphysis.

A

posterior

27
Q

histology of prostate cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

28
Q

what indicates the Grade of prostate cancer?

A

Gleason score

29
Q

WHat organs does prostate cancer spread directly to?

A

seminal vesicles, bladder and rectum

30
Q

lymphatic drainage of prostate cancer include:

A

obturator nodes, hypogastric nodes (internal iliac). external iliac, and external iliac

31
Q

Distantly prostate spreads to the ____

A

bone

32
Q

name 2 androgen deprivation drugs

A

casadex, lupron

33
Q

typical dose for ARC therapy or IMRT to Prostate

A

78 Gy

34
Q

Organs at risk when treating prostate

A

rectum, bladder, femoral heads

35
Q

common isotopes used for prostate brachytherapy

A

I-125, Pd -103

36
Q

What is the function of the prostate?

A

primary function is to produce fluid that nourishes
And transports sperm

37
Q

At what age should men have a routine blood test to determine PSA?

A

Age 50