Prostate Flashcards
what is the normal PSA
<4 ng /mL
Histology of prosate cancer
adenocarcinoma
Can stage 1 lesions detected on a rectal exam ?
no
What stage lesion is goes into the seminal vesicles
stage III
What stage lesion involves the bladder and rectum
Stage IV
T/F prostate cancer is a slow growing disease
true
T/F According to the NCA observation is a valid alternative to tx for patients with TI-T2 stage tumors
True
T/F radical prostatectomy is a viable option for stage T3 disease
F. radical prostatectomy alone is not efficient for disease control - will also need hormone therapy or radiation therapy
Antiandrogens
Block testosterone
What are the parameters for CT sim of prostate?s
scan below diaphragm and mid femur.
Name 2 risk factors for Prostate Cancer
- over 55, 2. african american
Name 2 symptoms of Prostate Cancer
- decreased urination, Frequency, Hematuria
List the lymphatics of prostate
obturator - external iliac, hypogastric (internal iliac), common iliac, para aortic
What is the dose for IMRT, WHat is the dose for brachytherapy?
IMRT - 78-79 Gy. Brachytherapy - 145 Gy
In the adult male, urinary tract problems often result from enlargement of the _____gland - which surrounds the urethra
prostate
After spermatogenesis has occurred, the immature sperm passes into the ______for their maturation.
epididymis
label
bladder, prostate, urethra, prostate base, prostate apex
where does prostate met to?
bone
How is prostate cancer graded
gleeson scores. graded fro 1 to 5 (5 being the worst prognosis). the 2 worst grades are added together to make up Gleason score
elevated PSA after tx may indicate:
recurrence of tumor
What anatomic position are patients in for HDR, LDR procedures
lithotomy position
Epidemiology : 1 in ______men will get prostate cancer in their lifetime
8 men
how are the seminal vesicles positioned in relation to the prostate?
superior to the prostate and angled posterior toward the rectum
most prostate cancers are found in the __of the prostate
peripheral
As men age - prostate hyperplasia (enlargement of the prostate) occurs in the_______aspect of the prostate.
central zone
anatomy: the prostate lies________to the pubic symphysis.
posterior
histology of prostate cancer
adenocarcinoma
what indicates the Grade of prostate cancer?
Gleason score
WHat organs does prostate cancer spread directly to?
seminal vesicles, bladder and rectum
lymphatic drainage of prostate cancer include:
obturator nodes, hypogastric nodes (internal iliac). external iliac, and external iliac
Distantly prostate spreads to the ____
bone
name 2 androgen deprivation drugs
casadex, lupron
typical dose for ARC therapy or IMRT to Prostate
78 Gy
Organs at risk when treating prostate
rectum, bladder, femoral heads
common isotopes used for prostate brachytherapy
I-125, Pd -103
What is the function of the prostate?
primary function is to produce fluid that nourishes
And transports sperm
At what age should men have a routine blood test to determine PSA?
Age 50
