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musculoskeletal exam four > prosethetics > Flashcards

prosethetics Flashcards

1
Q

what are different causes of UE amputation:

A

trauma
congenital
disease

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2
Q

what are different causes of LE amputation:

A

largely a result of a diseas e

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3
Q

why is prosethetics hard to specialize in ?

A

there are limited number of UE amputations / year

- app 1500 ampuations UE/ year

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4
Q

list seven points of UE amputation:

A
  1. forequarter
  2. shoulder disarticulation
  3. trans-humeral
  4. elbow disarthiculation
  5. trans radial
  6. wrist disarticulation
  7. transphalangeal
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5
Q

basic prosthetic goal:

A

provide appropriate function and appearance to increased independence with ADLs and improve the quality of life

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6
Q

new amputee goals:

A

delineate prosthetic expectations
rebuilding proprioception
establishing independence and confidence
establishing good habits

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7
Q

etiology of traumatic amputations:

A

MVA
farming
burns

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8
Q

other etiology of amputations:

A 
traumatic 
congenital 
tumors 
vascular 
infection
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9
Q

what is the first critical step in the recommendation of a prosthesis:

A

physical evaluation of the patient

residual limb

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10
Q

special considerations of USER EVAL: of UE:

A 
trauma 
visually more apparent 
expectations can differ from reality 
prosthesis does NOT = hand 
culture plays a role
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11
Q

four components of a prosthetic:

A

suspension interface
suction
terminal device
socket

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12
Q

suction component is to ….

A

to keep them tight so you want to look at skin integrity

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13
Q

socket interfaces are :

A
  1. extremely flexible plastic
  2. improves socket comfort
  3. looks like a dolphin thing
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14
Q

three types of oppositional prosthesis:

A

body powered
externally powered
hybrid

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15
Q

all types of prosethsis fall under:

A
  1. oppositional
  2. activity specific
  3. multiple
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16
Q

body powered means that

A

there is a cable on the outside so you have to move your hand and the cable allows it to turn on

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17
Q

four reasons NOT to get a prosthesis:

A

limited perceived functional benefit
reduced sensory input
comfort
hot &/or heavy

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18
Q

two reason for an OT tx

A

one handed techniques

posture and ergonomics

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19
Q

an oppositional prosthesis are

A

passive

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20
Q

benefits of oppositional prosthesis

A

provide aesethetic appearance
light weight and simple
proprioceptive feedback

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21
Q

function of an oppositional prosthesis:

A

opposition
holding objects
restore body image

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22
Q

limitations of oppositional prosthesis:

A

no active prehension
high cost for custom
durability
pt can have unreal expectations for cosmesis

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23
Q

body powered prosthesis are called

A

cable driven

24
Q

body powered prosthesis relies upon

A

gross body movements captured thorugh a harness

25
Q

benefits of body powered prosthesis are

A

moderate cost and weight
durable
environmentally resistant
prioprioception through harness system

26
Q

limitations of body powered prosthesis are

A

grip strength or pinch force
restrictive & uncomfortable harness
requires muscle power & excursion
poor static & dynamic cosmesis

27
Q

body movements needed for prosthetic control : transradial:

A

transradial

  • elbow flexion
  • elbow lock
  • terminal device needs:
  • scapular AB duction and humeral flexion
28
Q

body movements needed for prosthetic control: transhumeral

A

elbow flexion
- scapular ABduction / humeral flexion
elbow lock:
- shoulder depression and humeral: ABduction / extension

29
Q

an externally powered prosthesis aka means

A

“electrically powered or “moyelectic”

30
Q

an externally powered prosthesis is powered by

A

a battery
and myoelectric signals
- by various input methods

31
Q

benefits of an externally powered prosthesis:

A 
stronger grip forces 
moderate or no harnessing 
minimal energy expenditure 
least body movement to operate 
moderate aesthetics
32
Q

limitations externally powered prosthesis:

A

heavier
more expensive
limited sensory feedback extensive therapy training

33
Q

muscle groups for myoelectric control: transradial:

A

wrist flexors / extensors

  • FCR
  • FCU
  • ECRL / ECRB
  • EDC
34
Q

muscle groups for myoelectric control: transhumeral :

A

biceps brachii
triceps brachii
deltoid

35
Q

a myoelectric hand is always stronger than a

A

hook hand

36
Q

hook will have less _____ but _____

A

pinch

is lighter

37
Q

elbow has to be

A

body powered

38
Q

hand can be

A

externally powered

39
Q

why would we suggest an activity specific prosthesis:

A

FUNCTION IN ADLS

40
Q

an activity specific proshesis is also

A

adaptive / recreational

41
Q

activity specific is designed for

A

a specific activity

- an adaptation to an exisiting prosthesis

42
Q

TMR means

A

targeted muscle reinnervation

43
Q

a TMR is a

A

reassignment of nerves

44
Q

some partial hand prosthesis options are:

A
  1. silicone restoration
  2. opposition prosthesis
  3. mechanical systems
  4. powered finger systems
45
Q

success depends on

A

COMMUNICATION

46
Q

what are the two phases of rehabilitation?

A

pre prosthetic

post prosthetic

47
Q

parts of the preprosthetic phase:

A

presurgical

post surgical and in fitting process

48
Q

post prosthetic phase is

A

after prosthetic delivery

49
Q

primary goal of the preprosthetic phase is to

A

reinforce realistic expectations;

50
Q

EMG steps:

A

develop two anatagnositic muscles with acceptable EMG output

  1. develop EMG separation between the muscle sites
  2. develop stamina in each muscle
51
Q

things you have to teach with a new prosthetic aka interventiosn:

A

donning of prosthesis
control of components
functional training
occupational performance

52
Q

preprosthetic training focuses on :

A

promoting readiness for the permanent prosthesis

53
Q

promoting readiness for the permanent prosthesis includes:

A 
promote skin healing 
conditioning 
preventing contractures 
controlling edema 
providing desensitization to the residual limb
54
Q

capability factors to getting a prosthestic:

A

physical
psychosocial
specific needs

55
Q

performance factors to getting a prosthestic:

A

activity
vocational
future needs

musculoskeletal exam four (4 decks)

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