PROPRAC 2 Flashcards
Pigafetta recognizes sense of order in the society in a form of simple government system, THE ________
barangay
Filipino practicing architecture during spanish era is called ______
Maestro de Obra
The first Filipino graduates
Julio Hernandez (1891), Isidro Medina (1894), Arcadio Arellano(1894) Juan Carreon (1896)
considered as the first Filipino Architect. He was schooled at London and began his practice in 1858. He was later employed by the Spanish government as Municipal Architect of Manila in 1877-1880.
Felix Roxas y Arroyo
The first organization of architects was formed together with the surveyors in 1902.
Academia de Arquitectura y Agremensura de Filipinas. (AAAF)
The organization of architects was transformed in 1903 and was called the ____________
Academia de Arquitectura, Ingenieria y Agremnsura de Filipinas (AIAAF)
The AIAAF promulgated the first standards of professional practice for the practice of civil engineering and architecture, known as the __________-
Tarifa de Honorios.
In 1921, the founding of architecture as a profession in the Philippines was formalized through _______
Philippine Assembly Act 2985: An Act to Regulate the Practice of the Professions of Engineers and Architect.
Allowed practicing Maestro de Obrasto be automatically registered as Architects. The following architects graduated architecture in abroad and was given the first 3 number of licenses:
Tomas Mapua (number 1)
Carlos Barreto (number 2)
Antonio Toledo (number 3)
The Virtues of an Architect – Marcus Vitruvius Pollio
May the Architect be high-minded; not arrogant, but faithful; Just, and easy to deal with, without avarice; Not let his mind be occupied in receiving gifts but let him preserve his good name with dignity
AAAF
Academia de Arquitectura y Agremensura de Filipinas
AIAAF
Academia de Arquitectura,Ingenieria y Agremnsura de Filipinas
PIAP
Philippine Institute of Architects and Planners
PIA
Philippine Institute of Architects
LPA
League of Philippine Architects
UIA
Union Internationale Des Architects
APGA
Association of Philippine Government Architects
CFA
Council of Filipino Architects
PRC
Professional Regulation Commission
UAP
United Architects of the Philippines
PFPA
Philippine Federation of Professional Organizations
PTC
Philippine Technological Council
PCPH
Philippine Council for Planning and Housing
Schools’ chronology of opening their school of Architecture
1925, 1930, 1941, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1960, 1962, 1970
1925 Mapua Institute of Technology
1930 University of Santo Tomas
1941 Adamson U
1946 Cebu Inst. of Tech.
1947 National University
1949 Mindanao Colleges
1952 Far Eastern Air Transport, Inc. (FEATI)
1953 University of San Carlos (Cebu City)
1954 Far Eastern University
1955 Manuel L. Quezon University Francisco Colleges
1956 University of the Philippines
1960 University of San Agustin (Iloilo City)
1962 Saint Louis University (Baguio City)
1970 University of Mindanao (Davao City)
1900
Foundation of the Liceo de Manila, a private institution offering academic course for maestro de obras and headed by Leon Ma. Guerrero.
Foundation of the Academia de Arquitectura y Agrimensurade Filipinas
1901
Academia merged with the Liceo and established the Escuela de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
1904
The Escuela ceased to operate after its first year of inception.
1905
Escuela de Ingeniera y Arquitectura was reorganized and reopened its doors to students but this time offered a three-year course for architecture, civil engineering and electrical engineering.
1908
The Escuela was closed.
1912
The Mapua Institute of Technology was founded. It offered, aside from engineering courses, a four-year degree course leading to a degree in architecture.
1925
The University of Santo Tomas (founded in 1911) opened its School of Fine Arts and Architecture.
1930
Adamson University opened its school of architecture. The Philippine College of Design was founded. However, the Pacific War interrupted its operation and never reopened after the war.
1941
The Manila-centric education in architecture was challenged by the Cebu Institute of Technology by the opening of its school of architecture, the first architecture school outside Manila.
1946
The National University instituted its school of architecture.
1947
The Mindanao Colleges established its school of architecture, the first architecture school in Mindanao (it closed in 1953).
1949
practical training on the job supplemented by related theoretical instruction.
“Apprenticeship”
worker who is covered by a written apprenticeship agreement with an individual employer or any of the entities recognized under this Chapter.
apprentice
means any trade, form of employment or occupation which requires more than three (3) months of practical training on the job supplemented by related theoretical instruction
“apprenticeable occupation”
an employment contract wherein the employer binds himself to train the apprentice and the apprentice in turn accepts the terms of training.
“Apprenticeship agreement”
IAPOA
integrated and accredited professional organization of architects
SPP
Standards of Professional Practice
The Selection of the Architect – Methods of Selection
- Reputation
- Personal or business acquaintance or recommendation of a friend
- Recommendation of the Architect’s former Client
- Recommendation of another Architect.
- Comparative Selection may be conducted by committees
- Architectural Design Competition (ADC) is used for civic or monumental projects.
Comparative Selection may be conducted by committees representing institutions, corporations or public agencies. The selection process involves: APIVERN
a. Invitation. The Client issues an invitation which includes the Terms of Reference (ToR) for the project which is based on the Design Brief prepared by another Architect.
b. Pre-qualification. Architects and/or PRC-registered Architectural Firms (AFs) submit information regarding their qualification and expertise.
c. Interview. The Architect explains his methodology in translating the plan/design requirements of the proposed project.
d. Verification. The selection committee may visit buildings designed by the Architects and check references such as former clients and financial institutions
e. Evaluation & Ranking. The selection committee may adopt its own procedure in evaluating the entries and recommending the most capable firm.
f. Negotiation. The Architect explains to the Client the Scope of Services and the Architect’s Fee as prescribed under the Architect’s Guidelines.
Professional Ethics – Ethics in the Architectural Practice
4 ways to consider ethics:
a. Character-based ethics (Virtue)
b. Contract-based ethics (Social Contract)
c. Duty-based ethics (Deontology)
d. Results-based ethics (Consequentialism)
I shall work with this general objective: that I am accountable to God, to mother earth, to my country, to my fellowmen and to myself.
Architects Credo: Accountability
I shall uphold the ideals and follow the norms and ethical conduct of this noble profession.
Architects Credo: Norm of Conduct
I shall pursue moral and professional excellence to the utmost level of integrity through industrious dedication and meaningful application to my work that merits a reputation for quality services worthy of fair renumeration.
Architects Credo: Professional Excellence
I shall pledge myself to the highest standard of professionalism in the relation to clients, colleagues, industry partners and society.
Architects Credo: Ethical Relationship
I shall dedicate myself to the highest standard of professionalism in relation to clients, colleagues, industry partners and society.
Architects Credo: Sharing
I shall respect the rights and works of my colleagues in the profession and confine my comments to constructive intents.
Architects Credo: Respect
I shall endeavor to do my duty in the protection of our common environment and the preservation of architectural heritage for the sake of the present and future generations.
Architects Credo: Legacy
The Client issues an _________ which includes the Terms of Reference (ToR) for the project which is based on the Design Brief prepared by another Architect. The selection committee established by the Client may consist of representatives from other State-regulated professions and/or the construction industry, as well as persons with related expertise.
Invitation
Architects and/or PRC-registered Architectural Firms (AFs) submit information regarding their qualification and expertise.
Pre-qualification
The Architect explains his methodology in translating the plan/design requirements of the proposed project.
Interview
The selection committee may visit buildings designed by the Architects and check references such as former clients and financial institutions
Verification
The selection committee may adopt its own procedure in evaluating the entries and recommending the most capable firm.
Evaluation & Ranking.
The Architect explains to the Client the Scope of Services and the Architect’s Fee as prescribed under the Architect’s Guidelines.
Negotiation
Methods of Selection of the Architect used for civic or monumental projects.
Architectural Design Competition (ADC)
Ethics in the Architectural Practice: character and morals of architect
Character-based ethics (Virtue)
Ethics in the Architectural Practice: focus on creation of good society. Setting of rules and conditions
Contract-based ethics (Social Contract)
Ethics in the Architectural Practice: All professions have a duty to those whom they serve. For architects, that duty is not only to their client but also to the present and future of the building, past generation thru preservation, to other matter sustainability and to underserved population
Duty-based ethics (Deontology)
Ethics in the Architectural Practice: determine the goodness of an action by looking at its consequences.
Results-based ethics (Consequentialism)
referred to, means the cost of the completed building to the Owner. The cost of materials used and the labor for their installation are part of the PCC. If these items are furnished by the Owner below its market cost, the cost of the material and labor shall nonetheless be computed on the basis of the current (and fair market value) costs.
Project Construction Cost (PCC)
include cost of the construction as well as all professional fees, permits, clearances and utilities and cost of acquiring the project site / lot, cost of money, etc.
Project Development Cost
who render plan / design services and limited inspection work
Architect and his Specialist Consultants (SCs)
who performs the construction work
Contractor
directly and professionally responsible and liable for the construction supervision of the project.
Architect-in-charge of construction (Aicc)
normally recommended by the Architect based on their performance, and hired by the Owner. They are answerable to both the Owner and Architect.
Construction Supervision Group (CSG)
who orders for the implementation of a project
Owner
a. undertakes or promotes an ADC with the primary objective of obtaining excellence in design for a project or for a development concept.
b. issues the invitation to Architects to submit plans/designs in accordance with a program and finances the ADC.
Owner
a. appointed by the Owner to assess the entries to the competition. The members of the Jury are called Jurors.
b. consists of a majority of registered and licensed architects (RLAs, hereinafter referred to as “Architect/s”) assisted by a lay Juror to represent and voice the intention of the Owner.
c. They are nominated by the Owner and approved by the integrated and accredited professional organization of architects (IAPOA).
Jury
a. An Architect nominated by the Owner and approved by the IAPoA to organize the ADC on behalf of the Owner
Professional Advisor
a. Specialist personnel who may be consulted by the Jurors during the conduct of the ADC to permit them to obtain all necessary relevant information.
Technical Advisor
a. The body formed by the Owner and approved by the Professional Advisor, to assist the Professional Advisor and the Jury in the administrative conduct of the ADC
Competition Secretariat
a. Project ADCs for actual Projects proposed for implementation.
b. Ideas Competition or competition of ideas set as a design and planning exercise to elucidate a problem.
Classification of ADC
__________ include the program, instructions on submission of entries, site plans, entry forms and official envelopes and labels. These are drawn up by the Professional Advisor.
Conditions
refers to the Philippine Standard of Professional Practice (SPP) on Architectural Design Competitions (ADC).
SPP on ADC
appointed by the IAPOA National President to oversee all architectural design competitions (ADCs) referred to the IAPOA.
IAPOA ADC Committee
A ________ should be appointed and paid by the Owner and approved by the IAPOA National Board of Directors (NBD) thru its ADC Committee
Professional Advisor
are appointed by the Owner and approved by the IAPOA, which shall assist the Owner in the selection of the Jury members.
The Jury
The Jury shall be composed of the smallest reasonable number of persons and in any event should be an odd number and should not exceed seven (7)
T / F
T
The majority of jury in ADC shall be Architects
T
There should not be more than one (1) representative of the Owner included in the Jury
T
PPC
Percentage of Project Construction Cost
FPCC
APCC
Final Project Construction Cost
Awarded PCC
DAEDS
Detailed Architectural and Engineering Design Services
DADS
Detailed Architectural Design Services
4 Architects’ Method of Compensation
Percentage of Project Construction Cost (PPC)
Unit Cost Method
Value-based Pricing/Percentage of Gross Rentals
Lump Sum or Fixed Fee
Time Basis
Multiple of Direct Personnel Expenses
Professional Fee Plus Expense
Per Diem, Honorarium plus Reimbursable Expenses
Salary cost times a multiplier, plus direct cost or reimbursable expenses
Per Diem or Hourly Basis
Retainer
Mixed Methods of Compensation
Most common method of compensation worldwide; depending on the type of project;
Percentage of Project Construction Cost (PPC)
This can be used if the scope of services can be clearly and fully defined at the outset of the project.
Lump Sum or Fixed Fee
a. Charged on an agreed-to-hourly, daily or monthly rate.
b. Used when service is difficult to determine in advance or there are interim in nature and often short in duration
Time Basis
cost based method applicable only to non-creative work such as accounting, secretarial, research, data gathering, preparation of reports and the like.
MULTIPLE DIRECT PERSONNEL EXPENSES
Frequently used when there is a continuing relationship on a series of Projects.
Professional Fee Plus Expense
Work which will require his personal time like attending project related meetings, conference or trips
Per Diem, Honorarium plus Reimbursable Expenses
Total basic salaries (direct salary, expenses) of all Professional Consulting Architects and their staff multiplied by a factor from 3.0 as a multiplier plus cost of certain times that are reimbursable to the PCA classified under “Direct Cost” or Reimbursable Expenses”
Salary cost times a multiplier, plus direct cost or reimbursable expenses
Suited for consultation services, testimony in court, or similar work involving miscellaneous personal service.
Per Diem or Hourly Basis
- Services will be available to the Client when required..
- The amount of retainer varies with the character and value of the services to the Client and the reputation and standing of the consultant in his or her profession.
Retainer
Structures of simplest, utilization character which are without complication of design or detail and require a minimum of finish, structural, mechanical, and electrical design.
•Armories •Parking structures •Bakeries •Printing plants •Farm structures •Public Markets •Service garages •Freight facilities •Simple loft-type structures •Hangars •Industrial buildings •Warehouses •Manufacturing / Industrial plants •Packaging and processing plants •And other similar utilization type buildings
Group 1
Structures of exceptional character and complexity of design or requiring comparatively large amounts of structural, mechanical and electrical design and research.
•Aquariums Laboratories •Atomic facilities •Marinas •Auditoriums •Medical office facilities & clinics •Airports •Mental institutions •Breweries •Mortuaries •Cold storage facilities •Observatories •Communications buildings •Public health centers •Convention Halls •Research facilities •Gymnasiums Stadiums •Hospitals and Medical buildings •Theaters and similar facilities •Hotels Veterinary hospitals •And other structures of similar nature or use
Group 3
Buildings of moderate complexity of plan/design requiring a moderate amount of
research and of engineering and allied architectural design.
Art Galleries Office Buildings / Office Condominium Banks, Exchange and Other Buildings Park, Playground and Open-Air Recreational Facilities Financial lnstitutions Residential Condominiums Bowlodromes Police Stations Call Centers Postal Facilities Churches and Religious Facilities Private Clubs City/Town Halls & Civic Centers Publishing Plants Race Tracks Restaurants / Fastfood Stores Retail / Wholesale Stores Schools Serviced Apartments Shopping Centers Showrooms / Service Centers Specialty Shops Supermarkets / Hyper-marts Welfare Buildings Mixed Use Buildings Other buildings of similar nature or use College Buildings Convents, Monasteries & Seminaries Correctional & Detention Facilities Court Houses/Halls of Justice Dormitories Exhibition Halls & Display Structures Fire Stations Laundries & Cleaning Facilities Libraries Malls / Mall Complexes Motels & Apartels Multi-storey Apartments Nursing Homes
Group 2
Residences (single-detached, single-attached or duplex, row-houses or shophouses), small apartment houses and townhouses.
Group 4
Monumental buildings and other facilities requiring consummate design skill and much precise detailing.
Exposition & Fair Buildings
Mausoleums, Memorials, & Monuments
Buildings of similar nature or use
Specialized decorative buildings
Museums
Group 5
when the plan/design and related Contract Documents are re-used for the repetitive construction of similar buildings without amending the drawing and the specifications,
Group 6
When the Architect is engaged to undertake a Housing Project involving the construction of several residential units on a single site with the use of one (1 ) set of plans/design, specifications and related documents,
Group 7
Projects involving extensive detail such as designs for built-in components or elements, built-in equipment, special fittings, screens, counters, architectural interiors, and development planning and/or design.
Group 8
For alterations, renovations, rehabilitations, retrofit and
expansion/additions to existing, buildings belonging to Groups 1 to 5.
Group 9
where the Architect is engaged to render opinion or give advice, clarifications or explanation on technical matters pertaining to his profession, (also refer to Pre-Design Services SPP Doc. 201 under Consultation
Group 10
