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A2 Politics > Propositions, Referendums and Recall Elections > Flashcards

Propositions, Referendums and Recall Elections Flashcards

0
Q

Which state has been the most recent to introduce initiatives?

A

Mississippi 1992

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1
Q

Which was the first state to introduce propositions (initiatives) and when did they introduce them?

A

South Dakota 1897

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2
Q

How many states use initiatives?

A

24

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3
Q

What is a proposition?

A

A mechanism, commonly known as an initiative, by which citizens of a state can place proposed laws- and in some states, constitutional amendments- on the state ballot

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4
Q

What are the two types of proposition?

A

Direct (proposals go directly on ballot) and indirect (proposals are submitted to state legislature which decide what to do with it)

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5
Q

What are the five steps a proposed proposition has to go through?

A
  1. Filed with a designated state official
  2. Reviews for conformance with state legal requirements
  3. Given a formal title and brief summary for inclusion on ballot
  4. Circulated to gain signatures
  5. Submitted to state official for verification of signatures
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6
Q

What percentage of votes cast in the last general election must a proposition get in Alaska?

A

10%

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7
Q

What percentage of initiatives from 2000 to 2010 have been approved by voters?

A

45%

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8
Q

Which initiative was launched in California in 2008?

A

A van of same-sex marriage- vote was 53% in favour of the ban

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9
Q

Which four states rejected initiatives to legalise the medical use of marijuana?

A

California, Arizona, Oregon and South Dakota

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10
Q

In 2012, how many initiatives were on the ballot, and how many were approved?

A

42 initiatives, 17 (40%) approved

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11
Q

What are the four advantages of propositions?

A
  1. Provided a way of acting upon controversial issues
  2. Can increase the responsiveness and accountability of state legislature
  3. Can help voter turnout
  4. Encourage participation in state politics and the political process
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12
Q

What are the two disadvantages of propositions?

A
  1. Lack the flexibility of the legislative process’ method of enacting law
  2. Vulnerable to manipulation by interest groups
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13
Q

Which initiative attracted large numbers of republicans to vote, thereby giving George Bush more voters as people voted for president on the same ballot?

A

Same-sex marriage ban proposition in Ohio 2004

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14
Q

How many states use referendums?

A

50

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15
Q

What are referendums?

A

An electoral device by which voters can effectively veto a bill passed by the state legislature

16
Q

How many referendums were put on the ballot in 2012?

A

115

17
Q

How many states have popular referendums?

A

24 states, including Alaska, Colorado and New Mexico

18
Q

What are popular referendums?

A

If the state legislature makes a law that the public don’t agree with, they can gather signatures in order to call a referendum on the law

19
Q

How long is the waiting period before a popular referendum can take place?

A

90 days

20
Q

What is a recall election?

A

A procedure which enables voters in a state to remove an elected official from office before their term has expired

21
Q

How many states permit recall elections, and how many have actually called one?

A

19, 8

22
Q

When were the three recalls for state governor?

A

1921 Lynn Frazier, North Dakota
2003 Gray Davis, California (defeated by Arnold Schwarzenegger)
2012 Scott walker, Wisconsin

23
Q

What happened in the 2012 Wisconsin recall election?

A

Scott Walker narrowly kept his position in a 53/45 win over democrat Tom Barrett. Election triggered by Walkers implementation of changes to state employee pension schemes

24
Q

How many recallings of state legislators have there been from 1930-2012?

A

36

25
Q

How many state legislator recallings were there in 2011?

A

11

26
Q

What is the biggest advantage of recall elections?

A

Increases democratic accountability of elected officials

27
Q

What do some people nickname recall elections?

A

‘Buyers regret’

28
Q

What percentage of voters at the gubernatorial recall election in Wisconsin believed that recall elections should only be used in the case of misconduct? How many said they shouldn’t be used at all?

A

60%, 10%

A2 Politics (3 decks)

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