Property Crime, Robbery, Arson, and White Collar Crime

Question 1

Property Crime

Answer 1

Illegally gaining money or goods or destroying property for financial gain or other malicious reasons

• Almost 60% of total crime in Canada

Question 2

Arson

Answer 2

Willful or malicious burning of buildings, vehicles, or personal property

Question 3

3 categories of arson

Answer 3

1. Disregard for human life
2. Damage to property
3. Negligence

Ex. Cover up crime, revenge, mental disorder

Question 4

Juvenile fire settings

Answer 4

Usually reckless actions or curiosity but sometimes:

Indicates risk for other conduct problems (linked to peer rejection, impulsivity, etc.)

Question 5

Firesetting typologies (Canter & Fritzon)

Answer 5

Firesetting is either expressive or instrumental

Expressive: Driven by emotional motives
Instrumental: Purposeful and goal-directed

Question 6

Burglary/Breaking & Entering

Answer 6

Trespassing on private property with intent to commit an indictable offence

Common in:

• Daytime, weekdays, summer
• Residential property

Question 7

Burglary Targets (Nee & Taylor)

Answer 7

• Occupancy cues (Property owners present or not)
• Wealth cues
• Layout cues (Architecture of building)
• Security cues

Question 8

Expressive Burglars (Walsh)

Answer 8

Burglars actions’ intended to produce emotional response from victim

Question 9

Burglar Typology

Answer 9

• Young versatile (60%)
• Vagrant (22%)
• Drug-oriented (15%)
• Sexual predators (6%)

Question 10

Carjacking

Answer 10

Theft or attemptd theft of motor vehicle by force or threat of force

Common in:

• Urban areas
• Night
• Males

Question 11

Larceny Theft

Answer 11

Unlawful taking of property from possession or constructive possession of another

• Differs from burglary because no unlawful entry

Ex. Pickpocketing, Purse snatching

Question 12

Fraud

Answer 12

Using deception for illegal financial gain

Ex. identity theft, forgery

Question 13

Identity theft

Answer 13

Misappropriating someone’s personal identification info and using it to commit fraud

Question 14

Shoplifting

Answer 14

Larceny-theft by a non-employee, of goods in store

Kravonsky & Lane:

60% of Americans have shoplifted at least once
30-40% of adolescence repeatedly

Question 15

2 types of shoplifters (Mary Owen Cameron)

Answer 15

Boosters: Semi-pro thieves
Snitches: Amateur thieves

Question 16

Robbery

Answer 16

Taking or attempting to take anything of value form another person by force of threat of violence or fear

Question 17

Street and Commercial Robbery

Answer 17

Street and Commercial robberies make up 42% of all robberies

Most common in:

• Urban areas, large cities
• Fast-Food Restaurants (employees and customers)

Question 18

Motives for Robbery

Answer 18

• Rational choice driven by need for money
• Important street culture complications
• Opportunistic

Question 19

Motives for Robbery (Wright and Decker)

Answer 19

Through interviews:

Concluded that 96% of robbers had committed many other offences

• Majority of robberies were unplanned
• Enjoyed controlling frightened victims

Question 20

White-Collar Crime

Answer 20

Crime committed by an individual with high social status in the course of their occupation

• Difficult to measure prevalence or incidence

Clinnard & Quinney: white collar crime is usually occupational and corporate crime

Question 21

Green’s 4 Categories of Occupational Crime

Answer 21

• Organizational (e.g. corporate)
• Professional (profession allows opportunity for crime)
• State-authority (those in government)
• Individual (employee)