Properties & Processes of Pure Substance Flashcards
a state, such as solid, liquid, or gas, in which a material exists under certain temperature and pressure conditions
phase
two properties in which the phases are mainly dependent
temperature, pressure
plasma to gas
recombination
gas to plasma
ionization
gas to liquid
condensation
liquid to gas
vaporization
liquid to solid
freezing
solid to liquid
melting
solid to gas
sublimation
gas to solid
deposition
tells us whether a material is a solid, liquid, or gas at a given temperature and pressure
phase diagram
divided by lines which have different locations and slopes
solid-liquid-vapor phases
It is where the three states of matter coexist simultaneously
triple point
important in determining in which phase a material exists
triple point
As the temperature reaches the ___________, the temperature stays constant until it becomes a saturated vapor.
saturation temperature (boiling point)
As the water is heated, the pressure of the water decreases to a point called __________ where it remains constant until the saturated liquid is then turned into a saturated vapor.
saturated pressure
If the temperature is well below saturation, then the phase of steam is in a ___________.
subcooled liquid state
If the temperature is in the saturation temperature, we can say that it is in the ____________.
superheated vapor state
Heating the water further as it reaches its saturation point, the water vapor evaporates readily from the saturated liquid. What do you call the water at this state?
saturated vapor
Given that the steam was further heated, the temperature of this saturated vapor rises even more and beyond this saturated vapor point, the water loses its tendency to condense back to liquid. What do you now call the steam?
superheated vapor
These are used to eliminate labor intensive calculation of thermodynamic properties.
thermodynamic tables
properties tabulated in a thermodynamic table
internal energy, enthalpy, entropy
This can be done to calculate the exact values of properties of pure substances with reference to values listed in the thermodynamic tables.
linear interpolation
It is commonly used for interpolation between two different variables; interpolating three times over the values involved.
bilinear interpolation
Thermodynamic properties of a gas can be calculate without a table and the equation of state of a gas can be used. What do you call the gas that conforms to this equation?
ideal gas or perfect gas
If the thermodynamic properties cannot be accurately predicted by the equation of state, what do you call the gas?
real gas
What is the most basic characteristic of an ideal gas?
low density
When does a gas have low density?
at low pressure or at high temperature