Properties of Water Flashcards
water is asymmetrical therefore
highly polar
hydrogen bonding
H of 1 molecule is attracted to the neg O of another molecule, therefore two molecules are held together by this H bonding
specific heat def.
amount of heat a substance must absorb to increase 1 GRAM of substance by 1 deg. CELSIUS
water prop. of specific heat
has a high specific heat so large bodies of water resist changes in temp and provide stable environmental temp for the organisms that live there, also thy moderate the climate of the nearby land, high specific heat is why marine biome has the most stable temps of any biome
water prop. of high heat of vaporiation
evaporating water requires the absorption of a relatively great amount of heat, so evap. of sweat significantly cools the body
water is a universal solvent
highly polar molecule, os dissolves ALL POLAR and IONIC substances
water exhibits strong cohesion tension
molecules of water tend to attract one another
Q: Strong cohesion tension of water causes what phenomena that allows water to move up a tall tree without expenditure of energy
transpirational-pull cohesion tension
transpirational-pull cohesion tension
as 1 mol. of water is lost from leaf by transpiration, another mol is drawn at the roots
capillary action def.
ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity
capillary action why when it works
it occurs when adhesive forces to the surface (tube) is greater than cohesive forces that keep the water together, then surface tension keeps the top meniscus from breaking apart. The narrower the tube, the higher it travels
surface tension def
the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area.
surface tension measurement
Surface tension is typically measured in dynes/cm, the force in dynes required to break a film of length 1 cm. Equivalently, it can be stated as surface energy in ergs per square centimeter. Water at 20°C has a surface tension of 72.8 dynes/cm compared to 22.3 for ethyl alcohol and 465 for mercury.
water prop. is ice denser than water
no. ice is less dense
spring overturn
cycling of nutrients in the lake by means of ice melting and becoming more dense and sinking and bringing O with it. Nutrients made by the activities of bottom-dwelling bacteria during the winter and then pushed up to the upper layers of the lake
