Properties Of Solids Flashcards
What is malleable?
capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer or by the pressure of rollers.
Which metal is more malleable, K or Ni? Explain why?
K is more malleable as it has a lower nuclear chare (+1). Therefore, its nuclei attract the electrons less, and the elctrons are more free to slide around(sea of electrons)
why does graphite conduct electricity while diamond, another network solid, does not?
In graphite, the carbons atoms are sp2 bonded. There is one electron per carbon that is in a pi bond and is mobile. Therefore, it is not locked in place and can conduct electricity.
Diamond on the other hand, has all of its electron covalently bound in sp3 bonds. They are locked in place and can therefore not conduct electricity.
Due to its structure diamond is classified as an atomic solid
True or False?
False; Network Covalent
Ionic compounds have higher melting points than molecular compounds because of strong attractive forces between particles.
True or False?
True
The Surface tension of water is due to the covalent between water molecules.
True or False?
False; hydrogen bonds
Hydrogen bonding may explain why ice is lesss dense than liquid water.
True or False?
True
Describe and name a type of solid that is formed by calcium?
Calcium is a metal, so it is a metallic solid.
Explain the term “sea of electrons” with respect to metallic bonding
The electrons drift between neighbouring atom’s nuclei
Why do metals conduct electricity?
The electrons are mobile in the sea of electrons model. Therefore, they can conduct electricity.
Explain why some molecular solids have properties resembling ionic solids(ie: solubility, melting point)?
If a molecule is polar, it has a net dipole and stronger intermolecular forces.
Also, acids (polar molecule compounds) are electrolytes
Explain why ionic compounds are brittle
Ionic bonds between + and - ions are quite strong, but if a force is applied to the crystal lattice, alike ion charges can align and repel. This disrupts the crystal lattice.
Which atom would have a higher solubility in water, MgS or KBr? Explain considering the size and/or charges of the atom.
KBr has lower ion charges of. +1 and -1 on the cation and anion. Therefore, the ions are less attracted to one another, and easier to be pulled out of the crystal lattice by water molecules.
MgS has higher ion charges of +2 and -2, meaning they are more strongly attracted to one another and less likely to interact with water molecules.
COnsider Br2(I) and ICI (I) explain the difference in their boiling points (bromine 59 C , iodine monochloride 97 C)
Br2 is a non-polar molecule compound, only using weak LDF intermolecular forces. Therefore, it takes less heat energy to pull apart molecules.
ICI is a polar molecule using stronger dipole - dipole forces. Therefore, it takes more heat energy to pull apart neighbouring molecules.
Adhesive properties of glues can be explained by examining _________ forces.
Inter molecular
