Atomic Structure and Quantum Mechanics

Question 1

The quantum mechanical model of the atom is capable of determining the exact location of an electron in an atom.

True or False?

Answer 1

False; (probable location 90% of the time)

Question 2

The Pauli exclusion principle requires that two electrons in the same orbital have the same spin.

True or False?

Answer 2

False; opposite spins

Question 3

Quantum mechanics involves using probability to determine the shape of an atom

True or False

Answer 3

True

Question 4

All alkali earth metals have valence electrons in s orbitals when they are in-ground state?

True or False?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The hydrogen atom will produce a continuous spectrum when it is energized?

True or False?

Answer 5

False; (Line spectrum)

Question 6

A photon of light has a discrete quantum of energy?

True or False?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

The energy of electrons is quantized as are protons.

True or False?

Answer 7

False; Photons / light particles

Question 8

Hund’s rule states that you must fill electrons into the lowest energy levels first?

True or False?

Answer 8

False; Aufau Principle

Question 9

The Valence p orbitals in phosphorus, P, are half-filled.

True or False?

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What are the four different quantum numbers and what do they explain about an atom?

Answer 10

n - principle quantum # (7 main energy levels predicted by Niels Bohr)
L - secondary quantum # (shape and sublevels spdf)
ml - magnetic quantum # (orientation of sublevels, how many orbitals in a sublevel)
ms - spin quantum # (each electron has an opposite spin in an orbital)

Question 11

Electron Configuration for Calcium?

Answer 11

[Ar]4s2

Question 12

Electron Configuration for Fe3+

Answer 12

[Ar] 3d5

Question 13

Oxygen’s Electron configuration; explain how you used hunds rule and the Pauli exclusion principle.

Answer 13

1s2 2s2 2p4

Question 14

Electron Configuration of Copper

Answer 14

[Ar] 4s1 3d10

Question 15

What is the difference between an “orbit” as described in the Bohr-Rutherford model of the atom and an
“orbital” as described in the quantum mechanical model of the atom?

Answer 15

An orbit is the simple planar representation of an electron. An orbital refers to the dimensional motion of an electron around the nucleus in a three-dimensional motion

Question 16

What is hunds rule?

Answer 16

every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

Question 17

What is Pauli exclusion principale

Answer 17

Two electrons in the same orbital have opposite spins.

Question 18

What is Aufbau principle?

Answer 18

You must fill electrons into the lowest energy levels first before refilling electrons in higher energy levels.

Question 19

What is ground state?

Answer 19

The state of a physical system (as of an atomic nucleus or an atom) having the least energy of all the possible states.