Properties of plants T4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the structure of a cellulose cell wall.

3

A
  • Polymer/chain of B-glucose.
  • Cellulose molecules held together by hydrogen bonds as microfibrils.
  • Microfibrils arranged in parallel/criss cross.
  • Matrix/hemicelluloses/pectin.
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2
Q

Is cellulose branched?

A

No.

The monomers are held together by glycosidic bonds in an unbranched chain.

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3
Q

What is meant by the term tissue?

A

One or a few types of cells working together for the same function.

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4
Q

Describe the function of the xylem.

2

A
  • Transport of water.
  • Transport of minerals.
  • Structural support.
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5
Q

Describe the structure of a cellulose microfibril.

4

A
  • Cellulose contains beta-glucose.
  • Glucose molecules joined by a condensation reaction.
  • Forming glycosidic bonds.
  • Only 1,4 glycosidic bonds.
  • Unbranched straight chains.
  • Microfibril composed of many cellulose molecules.
  • Cellulose chains held together by hydrogen bonds.
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6
Q

The concentration of magnesium ions in the soil was found to be very low.
Explain the effects of a shortage of magnesium ions on a plant.
(3)

A
  • Shortage of magnesium ions limits production of chlorophyll.
  • Lack of glucose/carbohydrate/cellulose due to less photosynthesis.
  • Therefore plant leaves may be yellow/plants may be small.
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7
Q

Why does the food store in seeds contain starch rather than cellulose?
(1)

A

Starch is branched so supplies energy quicker then cellulose.

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8
Q

Explain why starch must be broken down before it can be used by the cells of the growing plant.
(2)

A
  • To produce glucose/maltose.

- Which is soluble/so can enter cells easily/transported/used in respiration.

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9
Q

What is the role of sclerenchyma fibres?

A

Provide support.

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10
Q

Purpose of phloem?

A

Transporting organic nutrients around the plant body.

Such as sugar and amino acids.

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11
Q

How do you cross the plant cell wall?

A

Through the plasmodesmata.

Through pits in the cell wall.

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12
Q

How is the xylem strong?

A

Is lignified.

Solutes and water can’t be absorbed.

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