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Physics : Acids and Bases > Properties > Flashcards

Properties Flashcards

1
Q

properties of acids

A
  • sour

- corrosive

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2
Q

what happens when acids react with metals?

A

acid + metal => salt + hydrogen gas

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3
Q

what happens when acids react with carbonates?

A

acid + carbonate => salt + carbon dioxide + water

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4
Q

what affects the pH of a solution?

A

the more H+ ions in a solution, the more acidic it will be and the lower the pH

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5
Q

how does a strong acid act in water?

A

a strong acid is an acid that is completely ionised in water

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6
Q

how does a weak acid act in water?

A

a weak acid is an acid that is partially ionised in water.

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7
Q

what does the strength of a solution indicate?

A

strength indicates the quantity of acid that is ionised and the terms strong and weak are used

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8
Q

what is a concentrated acid?

A

a concentrated acid is an acid having a large volume/acid in a relatively small volume of water

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9
Q

what is a dilute acid?

A

a dilute acid is an acid having a small quantity of acid in a relatively large volume of water

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10
Q

how can a dilute acid be a strong acid?

A

a dilute acid can be a strong acid if it is completely ionised in aqueous solution

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11
Q

how can a concentrated acid be weak?

A

a concentrated acid can be a weak acid if it partially ionised in aqueous solution

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12
Q

what does concentration indicate?

A

concentration indicates the quantity of acid/alkali dissolved in a litre of water and the terms concentrated and dilute are used

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13
Q

how are the properties of alkalis similar?

A

they all contain hydroxide ions (OH-)

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14
Q

how does the quantity of OH- ions affect a solution?

A

the more OH- ions in a solution, the more alkali it will be and the higher the pH.

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15
Q

what is the pH of acids?

A

0 - 7

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16
Q

what is the pH of alkalis?

A

7 - 14

17
Q

what feeling to alkalis have?

A

a soapy feeling

18
Q

alkali reactions with acids :

A

acid + alkali => salt + water

19
Q

acid + alkali => salt + water

A

HCl + NaOH => NaCl + H2O

20
Q

what is neutralisation?

A

neutralisation is the chemical reaction between an acid and an alkali to prduce a solution of a salt and water

21
Q

metal + acid ?

A

metal + acid => salt + hydrogen

22
Q

metal oxide (base) + acid ?

A

metal oxide + acid => salt + water

23
Q

alkali + acid ?

A

alkali + acid => salt + water

24
Q

carbonate + acid ?

A

carbonate + acid => salt + carbon dioxide + water

25
Q

sulphate

A

SO4 2-

26
Q

nitrate

A

NO3 -

27
Q

carbonate

A

CO3 2-

28
Q

hydroxide

A

OH -

29
Q

the metal hydroxides:

A
  • calcium hydroxide
  • ammonium hydroxide
  • potassium hydroxide
  • sodium hydroxide
30
Q

sodium hydroxide

A

NaOH

31
Q

potassium hydroxide

A

KOH

32
Q

calcium hydroxide

A

Ca(OH)2

33
Q

ammonium hydroxide

A

NH4OH

Physics : Acids and Bases (3 decks)

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