PROMGT3 Quiz 1 Flashcards
His quality philosophy (summarized in 14 points) is an important framework for implementing quality and productivity improvement.
W. Edwards Deming
If the quality characteristic can be measured and expressed as a number on some continuous scale of measurement, it is usually called a ______________ .
Variables Data
The objective of this TQM-related activity is to contribute to the safe and healthy working conditions and to safeguard the quality and integrity of the company’s products.
5S+1 or Good Housekeeping Program
The dimension of quality concerning the customer’s view of quality as directly influenced by how quickly and economically a repair and routine maintenance activity can be accomplished.
Serviceability
According to its modern definition, quality is inversely proportional to ________.
Variability
A small group of people who meet regularly to identify, analyze, and solve problems within their work area.
Quality Control Circle
This is defined as anyone who uses someone’s output.
Customer
Nonconformities that are serious enough to significantly affect the safe or effective use of the product
Defect
The set of operational, managerial, and engineering activities that a company uses to ensure that the quality characteristics of a product are at the nominal levels
Quality Engineering
Include those categories of costs that are associated with producing, identifying, avoiding, or repairing products that do not meet requirements
Quality Costs
A quality emphasis that encompasses the entire organization, from supplier to customer
Total Quality Management
This pertains to the mistake-proofing of processes (as well as products)
Poka-Yoke
First to introduce the concept of company-wide quality control, he is more concerned with organizational structure and a systems approach to improving quality than he is with statistical methods
Armand Feigenbaum
Also known as the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle
Demming/Shewhart Cycle
This category of costs occurs when the product does not perform satisfactorily after it is supplied to the customer
External Failure Costs
A dimension of quality that answers the question “Will the product do the intended job?”
Performance
Is the reduction of variability in processes and products
Quality Improvement
Introduced the statistical chart concept in 1924
Walter Shewhart
The inspection and classification of a sample of the product selected at random from a large lot and the ultimate decision about the disposition of the lot
Acceptance Sampling
Is the set of activities that ensures the quality levels of products and services are properly maintained and that supplier and customer quality issues are properly resolved
Quality Assurance
Refers to the degree of excellence or standard, superiority, or fitness for a particular purpose in a product, service, or process.
Quality
Dimensions of Quality
Performance
Reliability
Durability
Serviceability
Aesthetics
Features
Perceived Quality
Conformance to Standards
Represents the poorest level of quality for the vendor’s process that the consumer would consider to be acceptable as a process average.
Acceptance Quality Level (AQL)
This is the state when the equipment does not function properly
Breakdown
This is the quality in the lot that results from the use of rectifying inspection.
Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)
The ability of a system or component to perform its required functions under stated conditions for a specified period of time
Reliability
The expected time between a repair and the next failure of a component, machine, process, or product.
MTQ
Those costs associated with measuring, evaluating, or auditing products, components, and purchased materials to ensure conformance to the standards that have been imposed
Appraisal Cost
A dimension of quality that answers the question “Will the product do the intended job?”
Performance
The average number of points that must be plotted before a point indicates an out-of-control condition
Average Run Length
Famous for the quality trilogy, his philosophy is based on organization for change and the implementation of improvement through what he calls “managerial breakthrough”
Joseph Juran
A strategy for implementing and managing quality improvement activities on an organization-wide basis
Total Quality Management
This natural variability or “background noise” is the cumulative effect of many small, essential unavoidable causes
Chance Causes
Recognizing systematic or nonrandom patterns on the control chart and identifying the reason for this behavior
Pattern Recognition
Who is credited for making the distinction between common and special causes of variation?
Walter Shewhart
These costs are incurred when products fail to meet quality requirements and this failure is discovered prior to delivery to the customer
Internal Failure Cost
The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy a given need
Quality
Known as the producer’s risk or the probability that a process producing acceptable values of a particular quality characteristic will be rejected
Type 1 Error
An individual item or product that/s selected at random for inspection or evaluation is called a/an _________
Acceptance Sampling
The general manager wants to receive a QC report that reflects the exact quantity of finished goods that are rejected from the line on a daily basis. What SPC tool is used?
Check Sheet
The president must prioritize his action plans to alleviate poverty based on the impact to the Philippine economy . What SPC tool is used?
Pareto Chart
A manufacturer of wine always encounters complaints on foreign matters in the finished products. They would like to know why this complaint recurs. What SPC tool is used?
Cause and Effect Diagram
The manager wants to know if the botting process is stable in terms of bottle contents. What SPC tool is used?
Control Chart
The manager of GDK electronics company would like to determine the various causes of lens contamination. What SPC tool is used?
Cause and Effect Diagram
The quality circle would like to determine if kettle temperature affects viscosity of the chemical compound. What SPC tool is used?
Scatter Diagram
The SDT wants to detect irregularity of the pressure gauges at any time to take necessary action immediately. What SPC tool is used?
Control Chart
The QA manager would like to determine the best supplier of PVC compound used for the manufacturing of plastic tubes
Histogram
The supervisor would like to monitor the frequency of defects occurring in the packing process
Check Sheet
The operator wants to know which of the many problems in the line he will focus first
Pareto Chart
Which chart type would be used to monitor the number of errors per page in a printed document?
U Chart
Which chart type would be used to monitor the average weight of contents of a box of cereal?
X-bar chart
Which chart type would be used to monitor the fraction of a production lot of calculators that had malfunctioning keys?
P-chart
Which chart type would be used to monitor the number of surface blemishes (scratches, rubs, etc) in square meter of flat glass?
C Chart
Which chart type would be used to monitor the range of the diameter of forged steel rods within a production lot?
R Chart
An SPC tool which is particularly useful for identifying a potential relationship between two variables
Scatter diagram
In TQM, an _________ customer is the ultimate recipient/user/buyer of the product or service
External
_________ is how well the product conforms to the specifications
Conformance
The largest allowable value for a quality characteristic is the ______________.
Upper specification limit
This means that subgroups or samples should be selected so that if assignable causes are present, the chance for differences between subgroups will be maximized while the chance for differences within a subgroup will be minimized
Rational Subgrouping
Defect/Non-Conformance rate
p
Number of defects
d
Limit of defects
c
Sample Size
n
Lot Size
N
Probability of Acceptance
Pa
ATI stands for ________
Average Total Inspection
ASN stands for _______
Average Sample Number
Explain normal to tightened inspection
When normal inspection is in effect, normal inspection is instituted when two out of five consecutive lots have been rejected on original submission
Explain tightened to normal inspection
When tightened inspection is in effect, normal inspection is instituted when five consecutive ltos or batches are accepted on original inspection
From normal to reduced inspection, it is instituted when ________
- Preceding ten lots have been on normal inspection and none of the lots has been rejected on original inspection
- Total number of defectives in the samples from the preceding ten lots is less than or equal to the appluicable limit number specified in the standard
- Production is at a steady rate ( no machine breakdowns)
- Considered desirable by the authroity responsible for sampling
What is the “+1” in 5S+1 ?
Shikkari
Known as producer’s risk
Type 1 error (alpha)
Known as consumer’s risk
Tytpe 2 error (beta)
