Prologue- The Story Of Psychology

Question 0

Define psychology

Answer 0

The science of behaviour and mental processes.

Question 1

What is cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 1

The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition- including perception, thinking, memory, and language

Question 2

Define nature-nurture issue

Answer 2

Controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviours.

Question 3

What is natural selection?

Answer 3

The principle that among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed onto succeeding generations

Question 4

What does neuroscience focus on?

Answer 4

How the body and brain enable emotions, memories and sensory experiences

Question 5

What is level of analysis

Answer 5

The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon.

Question 6

What is biopsychosocial approach

Answer 6

An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis.

Question 7

What does evolutionary focus on?

Answer 7

How the natural selection of traits have promoted the survival of genes

Question 8

What does behaviour genetics focus on

Answer 8

How our genes and our environment influence our individual differences

Question 9

What does psychodynamic focus on ?

Answer 9

How behaviour springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

Question 10

What does behavioural focus on?

Answer 10

How we learn observable responses

Question 11

What does cognitive focus on?

Answer 11

How we encode, process, store and retrieve information

Question 12

What does social-cultural focus on?

Answer 12

How behaviour and thinking vary across situations and cultures

Question 13

Define basic research

Answer 13

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

Question 14

Applied research

Answer 14

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

Question 15

Counselling psychology

Answer 15

Assist people with problems in living and in achieving greater well-being

Question 16

Clinical psychology

Answer 16

Studies, assessed and treats people with psychological disorders

Question 17

Psychiatry

Answer 17

Medicine dealing with psychological disorders, practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological a therapy

Question 18

Positive psychology

Answer 18

The scientific study of human functioning ,with the goals of discovering and prompting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive

Question 19

What is community psychology?

Answer 19

A branch of psychology that studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups.

Question 20

Testing effects

Answer 20

Enhance memory after retrieving, rather than simply reading information also sometimes referred to as retrieval practice effect or test-enhanced learning

Question 21

SQ3R

Answer 21

Survey,question, read, retrieve, review