Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cell Structure

Question 1

Type of microscope used to see what’s inside a cell (most powerful); Electrons are transmitted through specimen

Answer 1

Transmission Electron Microscope

Question 2

Type of microscope used to see the shape of the cell; Electrons scan the surface of the specimen

Answer 2

Scanning Electron Microscope

Question 3

This stain is used to differentiate most bacteria into two major groups; Most used; Determines gram positive or gram negative

Answer 3

Gram Stain (Differential Stain)

Question 4

If the bacteria is purple after staining, then it is…

Answer 4

Gram Positive

Question 5

If the bacteria is pink after staining, then it is…

Answer 5

Gram Negative

Question 6

This type of stain is used to detect the presence of endoscopes

Answer 6

Endosperm Stain (Special Stain)

Question 7

This type of stain is used to locate flagella and determine total number; Flagella moves so fast that it has to be stained in order to be seen

Answer 7

Flagella Stain (Special Stain)

Question 8

This bacteria cell shape is a grape-like cluster of cells

Answer 8

Staphylococcus

Question 9

This bacteria cell shape is in chains of cells

Answer 9

Streptococcus

Question 10

This bacteria type is in chains of cells, but is it a cylindrical shape

Answer 10

Streptobacillus

Question 11

Bacteria divides by…

Answer 11

Binary Fission

Question 12

These types of bacteria have: Filamentous appendages, surface layers, cell walls, cell boundary, and are intracellular

Answer 12

Prokaryotic Cell Structure

Question 13

This flagella type moves in a rotating manner

Answer 13

Prokaryotic

Question 14

This flagella type moves in a waving motion

Answer 14

Eukaryotic

Question 15

One flagellum

Answer 15

Monotrichous

Question 16

Flagellum at end of cell

Answer 16

Polar Flagellum

Question 17

One flagellum at each end of cell

Answer 17

Amphitrichous

Question 18

Cluster of flagella at one or both ends

Answer 18

Lophotrichous

Question 19

Spread over entire surface of cell

Answer 19

Peritrichous

Question 20

These are short, thin, hairlike and proteinaceous appendages; They mediate attachment to surfaces; Some (Type IV) are required for twitching or gliding motility

Answer 20

Fimbriae

Question 21

These are are similar to fimbria, only longer, thicker and less numerous; Required for “genetic material to pass through”

Answer 21

Pili

Question 22

What is the surface layer glycocalyx composed of ?

Answer 22

Polysaccharides

Question 23

This layer of material that lies outside the cell wall is usually composed of polysaccharides and is well organized and not easily removed from the cell

Answer 23

Capsules

Question 24

This layer of material that lies outside the cell is similar to capsules, but it is diffuse, unorganized and easily removed; Makes it hard for WBC to attach

Answer 24

Slime Layers

Question 25

This layer of material that lies outside the cell wall is regularly structured layers of glycoprotein; Common among Archaea

Answer 25

S-Layer

Question 26

A mucopolysaccharide; Contains tetra peptide side chains including alternating L and D amino acids; Don’t find L&D alternating a.a in Eukaryotic, they only have L

Answer 26

Peptidoglycan

Question 27

Where will you only find Teichoic Acid

Answer 27

Gram-Positive cells