Prokaryotic Cells Flashcards
4 differences that a prokaryotic cell has in comparison to a eukaryotic cell?
No nucleus
Smaller ribosomes
Smaller cells
No membrane bound organelles
What is the cell wall in a prokaryotic cell made up of?
Murein
What is murein?
A glycoprotein.
What 3 organelles can a prokaryotic cell sometimes have?
Plasmids
Flagella
A capsule around the cell
Why do mitochondria and chloroplast have their own ribosomes?
So they can continually create their own proteins - generally enzymes for photosynthesis and respiration.
What do prokaryotic cells have instead of a nucleus?
A single circular DNA molecule free in the cytoplasm which is not membrane bound.
What are plasmids?
Small loops of DNA which only carry a few genes.
Where would you find the antibiotic resistance genes in a prokaryotic cell if the cell had antibiotic resistance?
In the plasmids.
What is the capsule?
A thick slimy layer made up of proteins.
What are the two functions of the capsule?
To stop the bacteria from drying out (desiccating) and also protects the bacteria against the host’s immune system.
What is the function of the flagella?
Rotates to allow the bacteria to move.
Singular of flagella?
Flagellum.
