Prokaryotic Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What are prokaryotic cells?

A

Cells that are much smaller than eukaryotic cells that lack membrane bound organelles excluding ribosomes

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2
Q

What are the key structural differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

A
  1. Prokaryotic cells are much smaller
  2. Prokaryotic cells have no membrane bound - organelles
  3. They have a cell wall made of murein
  4. They have smaller ribosomes
  5. There is no nucleus
  6. Potentially can contian plasmids, capsule and flagella
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3
Q

What are the additional structures that some prokaryotic cells have that other prokaryotic cells may not?

A

Plasmids, cassoulets and flagellum

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4
Q

What non membrane bound organelles are found in prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells?

A

Prokaryotic cells: ribosomes

Eukaryotic cells: ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus and the nucleus

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5
Q

What are ribosomes?

A

Ribosomes are small cytoplasmic granules found in all cells, made up of two sub units of protein and rRNA

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6
Q

What are the two different types of ribosomes?

A

7OS (smaller ribosome) and 80S (large ribosome)

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7
Q

What type of ribosome is found in prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells?

A

In prokaryotic cells, 70S ribosome is found. This type of ribosome is also found in mitochondria and chloroplasts

In eukaryotic cells, 80S ribosomes are found.

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8
Q

What is the difference in the nucleus for eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?

A

In prokaryotic cells, there is no nucleus, instead of a nucleus there is a single circular DNA molecule free in the cytoplasm which is not protein bound

Whereas in eukaryotic cells, a nucleus is present

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9
Q

Are there cell walls in prokaryotic cells? If so describe what they are made up of?

A

There are cell walls in prokaryotic cells, which are made up of murein, a glycoprotein

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