prokaryotic cells Flashcards
1
Q
what is a prokaryotic cell?
A
a cell with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
2
Q
describe the DNA in a prokaryotic cell
A
- usually one DNA molecule
- chromosomal = compact
- free in cytoplasm
- contains genes needed to grow and reproduce
- plasmid DNA contains additional genes
3
Q
describe the ribosomes in prokaryotic cells
A
smaller than eukaryotic cells (70s)
4
Q
describe the cell wall in prokaryotic cells
A
made of peptidoglycan or murein - composed of carbs and amino acids to stop bursting
5
Q
describe the flagella in prokaryotic cells
A
- thinner than eukaryotes
- energy from chemiosmosis
- hook rotates in a whipping motion
6
Q
what is the function of pili?
A
increases surface area
7
Q
what is the approx. size of a bacterial prokaryotic cell?
A
0.1-10 micrometers
8
Q
what is the prokaryotic capsule?
A
- waxy layer surrounding cell wall
- prevents drying out
- protects against WBC
9
Q
describe 2 differences between mitochondria and prokaryotic cells
A
- prokaryotic cells have a cell wall
- mitochondria has a double membrane
