Prokaryotic Cells Flashcards
1
Q
What are the main features of a prokaryotic cell?
A
- cell membrane
- cell wall
- cytoplasm
- slime capsule
- flagellum
- circular strand of DNA
- plasmids
2
Q
What does the cytoplasm contain?
A
Ribosomes (smaller than in a eukaryotic cell - p= 70s e= 80s)
3
Q
What is the structure and function of the cell membrane?
A
- made of lipids and proteins
- controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
4
Q
What is the structure and function of the cell wall?
A
- made of a polymer called murein ~ a glycoprotein (a protein with a carbohydrate attached)
- supports the cell and prevents it from changing shape
5
Q
What is the structure and function of the slime capsule?
A
- made up of secreted slime
- helps protect the bacteria from attack by cells of the immune system
- stops cells from desiccation (drying out)
6
Q
What is the structure and function of plasmids?
A
- small loops of DNA that aren’t part of the main circular DNA molecule
- contain genes for antibiotic resistance and can be passed between prokaryotes
- not always present / some have many
7
Q
What is the structure and function of flagellum?
A
- long hair like structure
- rotates to make the cell move
8
Q
A
