prokaryotic cell structure

Question 1

Capsule

Answer 1

outermost layer made of carbohydrates

sticky and helps cell attach to surfaces in the environment

Question 2

Flagellum

Answer 2

whip liike structure helps the cell move

Question 3

pili

Answer 3

numerous hair like structures that are used for attachment to host cells and other surfaces.
Some pili allow a bacterium to transfer DNA molecules to other bacteria (exchange genetic info with other )
locomotion

Question 4

ribosomes

Answer 4

smaller than in euk (70S) protein synthesis

Question 5

cell membrane

Answer 5

separates the cells interior from surrounding environment

Question 6

cell wall

Answer 6

peptidoglycan . polymer of amino acids and sugars
provides extra layer of protection 
maintains cell shape
prevents dehydration  
prevents attacks by phagocytic cells

Question 7

Plasmid DNA

Answer 7

extrachromosomal DNA molecule,circle of double stranded DNA. . carry small non essential genes and copied independently. can be transferred to the prokaryotic cellist organism

Question 8

Nucleoid DNA

Answer 8

most prokaryotic dan found in central region called nuclei.
consists of single large loop called circular chromosome – only molecule of DN SUPERCOILED TO MAKE IR MORE COMPACT.
Genes are often grouped into operons - number of genes switch on or off at the same time.

Question 9

cytoplasm

Answer 9

consists of cytosol _ structures suspended i it. everything outside the nucleus and inside the membrane.