Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Question 1

Name the three different types of eukaryotic cell

Answer 1

1. Animal cell
2. Plant cell
3. Fungi

Question 2

Name the two types of prokaryotic cell

Answer 2

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 3

Out of the two types of prokaryotic cell, which one is more likely to be an extremophile?

Answer 3

Archaea

Question 4

What is an extremophile?

Answer 4

A type of prokaryotic cell which has adapted to living in extreme conditions of salinity, pH and temperature

Question 5

Prokaryotic cells are always [blank]

fill in the blank

Answer 5

Unicellular

Question 6

Are prokaryotic cells multicellular or unicellular?

Answer 6

Unicellular

Question 7

Prokaryotic cells only contain organelles which are [blank]

fill in the blank

Answer 7

Prokaryotic cells only contain organelles which are not membrane-bound

Question 8

What is different about the DNA in prokaryotes?

Answer 8

The DNA is a single looped chromosome

There are no histone proteins

the genes are switched on and off in groups called operons

it is packaged differently to eukaryotes

Question 9

What is different about the ribosomes in the prokayotic cells?

Answer 9

The ribosomes are smaller (70S)

rather than 80S

Question 10

What is the size of ribosomes in eukaryotes?

Answer 10

80S

Question 11

What is the size of ribosomes in prokaryotes?

Answer 11

70S

Question 12

What is different about the cell wall in prokaryotes?

Answer 12

The cell wall is made out of peptidyglocan

rather than cellulose

Question 13

What is different about the flagella in prokaryotes

Answer 13

The flagella is smaller and does not have the 9+2 arrangement of microtubules

Question 14

What is the function of pili on the prokaryotic cell

Answer 14

The pili allows prokaryotes to adhere to host cells or to eachother

Question 15

Compare the DNA of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 15

Prokaryote- DNA is circular

Eukaryote- DNA is linear

Question 16

Compare the extra chromosomal DNA of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 16

Prokaryotes- have circular DNA called plasmids

Eukaryotes- Only present in certain organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 17

Compare the organelles in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 17

Prokaryotic- organelles are not membrane bound

Eukaryotic- organelles are membrane bound AND non-membrane bound

Question 18

Compare the cell walls of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

Answer 18

Prokaryotic- cell walls are made of peptidyglocan

Eukaryotic- Animal cells don’t have cell walls, Plants cell wallsare made of ceullulose, fungi cell walls are made of chitin

Question 19

Compare the ribosomes in prokaryotic cells to eukaryotic cells

Answer 19

Prokaryotic- smaller, 70S

Eukaryotic- larger, 80S

Question 20

Compare the reproduction of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 20

Prokaryotic-Binary fission

Eukaryotic- sexaual and asexual

Question 21

Compare the cell types of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 21

Prokaryotes- Unicellular

Eukaryotes- Unicellular AND multicellular

Question 22

List three structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 22

The ribosomes in prokaryotes are smaller (70S) than in eukaryotes (80S)

The DNA is a single looped chromosomes with no histones in prokaryotes. In eukaryotes the DNA exsists as multipls chromosomes and it associated with histones

In prokaryotes the cell wall is made of peptidyglocan. In eukaryotes the cell wall is made of cellulose in plants and chitin in fungi