Project management 2 Flashcards
what is a tollgate
a control point where the projects phase is reviewed and approved (or not) to continue with the next phase
compare agile vs traditional project management
Project approach:
Agile: Incremental and iterative
Traditional: Linear and sequental
Flexibility and adatpablity:
Agile: Emphazises adaptability to changing requirements and customer feedback
Traditional: Changes are often diffucult becuase they have a prefixed projectplan
Customer involvement:
Agile: Encourages continous customer involvement and feedback through out project
Traditional: Limited customer involvement throughout the project
Project contract:
Delivery of final project:
Delivers shipable products continously
Traditional: Delivers product at the end of the project
Risk management
Agile: Identifies and acts upon risks continoiusly throughout the project
Traditional: Risks identifyed and acted upon inbefore project
Documentaion:
Agile: Collaboration over documentaion
Traditional: Emphazises higher priority on
Testing:
Agile: Testing done continously throughout project
Traditional: Done after development
What is predictable planning?
-Emphazises detailed planning at the beginning of the project
-Aims to define and predict the entire project scope and requirements upfront
-Holds on cloesely to the plan throughout the project life cycle
what is Iterative planning?
-Breaks the project into iterations or cycles
Each iteration involves planning, execution and evaluation
-Allows for adjustments and refinements after each iteration (replication)
Incremental planning
-Focuses on delivering in increments or stages
-Each increment adds new features or capabilities to the existing project
-planning is done for each increment seperatly
What is adaptive planning?
-Embraces change and unceranity a natural part of the project
-Plans are adjusted and refined continously throughout the project
-Prioritizes responsing to change over sticking to a predetermines plan
Name things project managers does during initiation/ prestudy phase
Develop projectcharter:
To define the project purpose and and its existance
Defins scope
Identify stakeholders:
To understand their intererst and excpectations
Conduct a feasability study:
Perform preliminary risk asessment
Begin allocating resources needed for the project and define requirements
Make a business case (estimate benefite)
Conduct a kickoff meeting to allign stakeholders with goals and excpectations
Name 5 things a project manager do during Planning phase
Develop a project plan:
Create a detailed roadmap that includes scope, schedule, budget and resource allocation
Define roles and responsabilities
Risk management:
communication planning:
outline how and when information will be shared among team members and stakeholders
qualityplanning: Set quality standars to ensure project deliverables meet requirements
name 5 things a project manger do during Execution
Projectplan is put into action
Impimenting project tasks
managing the team
Assuring quality
Monitoring progress
Making adjustments if needed
(Communicate with stakeholders?)
Name 7 wats to evaluate stakeholders and give examples
Identify stakeholders
-List induviduals or groups involves or interesred in the project
Asses interest and influence
-Undersand how interested each stakeholder is in the project and the level of influence they have
Map relationships
-Create a visual map showing how stakeholders relate to the project and eachother
Evaluate impact:
-consider how each stakeholders actions can positively or negatively affect the project
Catogerize and prioritize
-group each stakeholder based on their influence and interest
Communication plan
-Develop a plan to keep stakeholders informed
Regular updated:
-Update regulary how the project is going
What is a matrix organizational structure?
a company structure where teams report to multiple leaders.
The matrix design keeps open communication between teams and can help companies create more innovative products and services.
Using this structure prevents teams from needing to realign every time a new project begins
What is a project-basedd organisation?
-Structured around execution of projects
-Project managers have significant authority and teams are assembled temproarly for specific projects
-Clear project objectives
-Once project is complete, resoucses are relocated to other projects, making the organization dynamic and adaptive
A functional hierachiacal organization
-Clear chain of command, specialized funcional department and focuses on routine tasks
-Employees report to functional managers and decision-making flows upward though the hierarchy
-Stable structure, but may lack the ability to be dynamic or project based work
(used in traditional project management)
What is earned value analysis? (EVA)
A method to asses project performance by combining infromation on scope schedule and costs
Simply put, it’s a quick way to tell if you’re behind
schedule or over budget on your project. You can
calculate the EV of a project by multiplying the
percentage complete by the total project budget.
For example, let’s say you’re 60% done, and your
project budget is $100,000 — your earned value is
then $60,000.
Whar is work break down structure
Visual breakdown of project into smaller manageable tasks
(Helps define the scope, organize work hierarchly etc)
What is a business case?
In project management, a business case is like a persuasive document that explains why a project is a good idea.
-It outlines what the project aims to achieve, why it’s needed, and what benefits it will bring.
- The business case looks at things like how much the project might cost, what risks there are, and what alternatives were considered.
It helps decision-makers decide whether the project is worth doing and provides a plan for how it should be carried out.
The business case is a guide that helps everyone involved understand why the project is important and what it hopes to accomplish.
what is difference between a feasability study and a business case?
Business case answears:
What benefit a company is excpected to get from project delivery
-Main purpose is to convince stake holders that the project is worth investing in
-why is the project worth investing in?
Feasability study answears:
-If the project is excecutable and can lead to good outcomes
-Purpose is to prevent stakeholders from taking on risky projects.
-Is it worth it to take on project?
What are 5 cases of a business case?
Explain them
The strategic change:
-is about understanding the problem and or the opportunity and showing there will be enouch benefits to justify investment to investigate the problem or oppurtunity further
-The Socio-Economic Case
refers to the aspect that focuses on the social and economic impacts of a proposed project. It involves how it might benefit internal and external stakeholders and their relationships etc.
The Commercial
The commercial case looks at whether the proposed solution can be realistically delivered through a practical business deal. To figure this out, we first need to know what kind of purchasing or procurement is necessary for the proposal. Is it a key part of making the solution happen, and if so, how do we plan to go about obtaining what we need? This helps us understand if the whole plan is doable from a business perspective
The Financial Case
in a business case refers to the section that focuses specifically on the financial aspects of a project. It looks at the costs of a project, potential income it might generate, and whether it’s a good financial investment. This section calculates returns on investment, analyzes cash flow, and considers financial risks. It helps decision-makers understand if the project makes financial sense and aligns with the organization’s financial goals.
The Management Case
in a business case is all about how the project will be managed. It covers the organizational structure, planning, and execution details. Key elements include roles and responsibilities, project governance, resource management, risk management, communication plans, and strategies for handling changes. This section ensures that the project is well-organized, efficiently managed, and has the necessary support for success.
WHat is agile manifiesto
value induviduals and interactions over processes and tools
-Value working software over documenatation
-value customer collaboration over negoation
-Value over responding to change over following plan
what is Agile project management?
Agile project management is an iterative approach to
managing mainly software development projects that
focuses on continuous releases and incorporating
customer feedback with every new version or new
development.
IS incremental in iteratic plans done seperatly or together in reality?
Together
What are the 6 stages of the project model?
-(IDEA)
-Pre study
-planning
excecution
-closure
-(Impact)
Name 4 risk response stratagies and give examples
Avoidance: Eliminate or change plans to avoid risk
Mitigation: reduce the probability or impact of a risk
Transfer: shift the risk impact to a third party, such as an inscurance provider
.Accaptance: acknowlage the risk without taking specific action
Failure mode effect analysis (FMEA)
A method for evaluating a process to identify where and how it might fail.
And how to prioritize different problems based on how much impact they have
