Project management Flashcards
What is a milestone?
A significant event or point in time within a project represents the completion of major phase or an occurance of a crucial event
What is scope?
Setting the boundaries and defining exactly what needs to be done in a project
What is a gnatt chart
A tool that provides a visual of projects schecule, that displays tasks or activities along a timeline
Programn evaluation and review techniqe (PERT)?
Technique that was developped to analyse the tasks involved in completing a given project
-useful in projects where the activities ar uncertain
What is a fishbone diagram?
Visual representation that helps identify and explore causes of a specific problem or effect
(Head represents the problem)
(bones represent the causes)
Project risk management
What is a proactive risk response?
-Implimented before the risk occurs
-Aims to prevent or reduce impact
(Examples of proactive responses: Avoidance, Mitigation, Transfer)
what is a reactive response
-Implimented after risk event occurs or during its occurance
-Goal of minimizing the consequenses after occurance
(example of a passive response, Accaptance)
Failure mode effect analysis (FMEA)
A method for evaluating a process to identify where and how it might fail.
And how to prioritize different problems based on how much impact they have
Pareto princible
Also known as the 80/20 rule
-suggests that roughly 80% if the effects come from 20% of the causes
Demings PDCA cycle
-constists of 4 stages:
Plan-DO-Check-act
- used to identify, impliment and sustain improvements in processes and products
Name 7 stages that differs between agile and traditional project management
Projects approach
Flexibility and adaptablity
Customer involvement
Project control
Delivery of a final product
Risk management
Documentation
Testing
What is predictable planning?
-Emphazises detailed planning at the beginning of the project
-Aims to define and predict the entire project scope and requirements upfront
-Holds on cloesely to the plan throughout the project life cycle
what is Iterative planning?
-Breaks the project into iterations or cycles
- Each iteration involves planning, execution and evaluation
-Allows for adjustments and refinements after each iteration (replication)
Incremental planning
-Focuses on delivering in increments or stages
-Each increment adds new features or capabilities to the existing project
-planning is done for each increment seperatly
What is adaptive planning?
-Embraces change and unceranity a natural part of the project
-Plans are adjusted and refined continously throughout the project
-Prioritizes responsing to change over sticking to a predetermines plan
Name 5 things project managers does during initiation/ prestudy phase
Develop a project charter
Idenify and analyze stakeholders
Conduct a feasability study
Perform a preliminary risk assessment (to identify potential risks and uncertanitys)
Begin identifying and allocating resources needed for the project
- ( Conduct a project kick of meeting to officially launch the project and allign stakeholders with its goals and expectations)
Name 5 things project managers do during the planning phase
Create project scope
Develop a project plan
Define roles and responsabilities
Risk management
communication planning
quality planning
Name 5 things project manager does during the execution phase
Puts project plan into action
Implimenting project tasks
Managing the team
Monitoring progress
Name 5 thing a project manager does during the closure phase
Finalizing delverables
Conducting a closure meeting to review the project
Documenting the lessons learned
Facilitating the handover of deliberables to stakeholders
Close contract and financials
What is a matrix organizational structure?
a company structure where teams report to multiple leaders.
The matrix design keeps open communication between teams and can help companies create more innovative products and services.
Using this structure prevents teams from needing to realign every time a new project begins
What is a project-basedd organisation?
-Structured around execution of projects
-Project managers have significant authority and teams are assembled temproarly for specific projects
-Clear project objectives
-Once project is complete, resoucses are relocated to other projects, making the organization dynamic and adaptive
A functional hierachiacal organization
-Clear chain of command, specialized funcional department and focuses on routine tasks
-Employees report to functional managers and decision-making flows upward though the hierarchy
-Stable structure, but may lack the ability to be dynamic or project based work
(used in traditional project management)
Flowbased structure
-Emphasizes smooth flow of work
-It encourages collaboration, adapts to change quickly and keeps a customer center approach
Name 7 ways to evaluate stakeholders
Identify stakeholders
Asses the interest and influence of stakeholders
Map relationships
Evaluate impact
Catogerize and priorritize based on stakeholders interest and influence
Develop communication plan to keep stake holders informed
Regular updates to stakeholders
