Project Management Flashcards
What is the global standard for project management?
ISO 21500
What are the four periods of a project group from the beginning?
1) Forming
2) Storming
3) Norming
4) Performing
What are the questions the process management tries to answer?
• What business situation is being addressed by this project?
• What do you need to do?
• What will you do?
• How will you do?
• How will you check the work is done ?
• How well?
What is the definition of project management?
Project management is an organized common sense approach that utilizes the appropriate sponsor involvement in order to deliver client requirements that means expected incremental business value.
What are the four creep to manage?
• Scope creep
• Hope creep
• Effort creep
• Feature Creep
Define a requirement
requirement describes what a solution must do but not how it must do it. So the requirement is solution independent. Even if a solution is not known, the requirements of that solution can be established. That is criti- cal to complex projects because we may know the requirements but not how to achieve them.
Other def:
It’s a condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve a problem or achieve an objective
A condition or capability that must be met or possessed by a solution component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification or other.
(A documented representation of a condition or capability)
Define business value definition of requirements
A requirement is a desired end-state whose successful integration into the solution meets on or more needs and delivers:
Ø specific
Ø measurable
Øincremental business value
to the organization.
The set of requirements forms a necessary and sufficient set for achieving expected business value.
Define a project
A project is a sequence of unique, complex, and connected activities having one goal or purpose and that must be completed by a specific time, within budget, and according to specification.
What is the business-focused definition of a project?
A project is a sequence of finite dependent activities whose successful completion results in the delivery of the expected business value that validated doing the project.
How is define the project landscape?
Clear/Not clear solution and goal.
4 quadrants
What is a program ?
A collection of related projects.
What is a portfolio?
A collection of project sharing some links between each other:
Same business unit
R&D project
New product development…
What are the 3 sides of the scope triangle ?
What is in the center?
Time
Cost
Resource availability
Scope and quality at the center
It should be balanced
What is the prioritizing scope triangle?
It’s a table with the 5 variables of the scope triangle ranked between 1 and 5 in function of the criticality
When the scope triangle can be used?
Build a problem
Scope change impact analysis
What are the characteristics of a project used for their classification?
Risk
Business value
Duration
Complexity
Technology used
Number of department affected
Cost
In function of these characteristics, the projects are classified in classes from A (hard) to D (easy)
What is the contemporary project environment?
High speed
High change
Lower cost
Increasing levels of complexity
More uncertainty
What is the project management life cycle basic model?
The linear model
What are the different type of project and their project management life cycle (PMLC) models?
Goal not-clear
MPx: Emertxe (extreme model)
xPM: Extreme
Goal clear
TPM: linear, incremental
APM: iterative, Adaptative
What mean TPM?
Traditional project management
Goal and solution are clearly defined
What is a linear PMLC
No loops
Scope>Plan>Launch>Monitor & Control>close
What is an incremental PMLC?
Incremental loop between launch and close the project
What mean APM?
Agile project management
Solution not clear but goal clear
Describe the iterative PMLC model
On iterative loop between plan and close the project
Adaptative is the same but with “cycle” instead of “iteration”
What means xPM?
Extreme project management
Goal & solution not clear
Describe the extreme PMLC model
One phase loop (between scope and close) -> the overall project is looped
What means MPx?
Emertxe Project Management
(Pronounced A-mert-see)
When the solution is clear but the goal is not clear
Ex:
What additional consideration can also be take into account in the planning of the process?
Total cost
Duration
Market stability
Technology
Business climate
Number of department affected…
What is called PESTEL?
It’s the pressure on the firm exercised by the environment of the firm it can be
Political
Economical
Social
Legal,
Environmental,
Technological
?they are Political and legal facors regulation?
What is the Porter’s five forces model?
Equivalent to the SWOT but only with threads against “bargaining power”
Describe the SWOT scheme
Internal factors:
Strenght Weaknesses
External factors
Opportunities Threats
Strenghts
Counteract: weaknesses, threats
Create: opportunities
Weaknesses
Counteracts: opportunities
Create: Threats
Threats
Counteract: opportunities
What is the BCG matrix? (Boston Consulting Group)
A 4 quadrant plot representing the NPV (Net present value) in function of the probability of success.
The quandrant are named
(-;-) Dog
(-;+) no name
(+;-) Cash cow
(+;+) Star
In the frame of the value chain analysis, what are the two parallels section leading to a competitive advantage?
Support activities (r&d, HR, firm infrastructure…)
Primary activities (supply chain, operation, distribution..)
What is called VRIO?
Valuable, Rare, Imitate, Organized to capture value
A table to measure the level of interest of a project
What is the OST model?
Objectives, Strategies, Tactic
A graphical model with vision and tactic on each side and objectives and strategies between them
Stakeholder interaction model exist
On s’en fou
What looks like the project landscape diagram? (≠project landscape)
A partitioned circle (spider’s web graph) with a lot of factors.
One hemisphere is reserved to project complexity factors while the other is reserved to enterprise complexity factors
How is organized a two managers team?
With co manager leading their own team and co-managing the team of their co-managers.
One manager is in charge of the technical aspect while the other is in charge of the commercial aspects.
What is are the advantage of the co-manager model?
Improved scope planning and requirements management at Client Checkpoints
Ø Early realization of business value through
incremental product/service delivery
Ø Leverage client product/service expertise
and create client ownership of deliverables
Ø Efficiently support iterative solution
discovery and maintain the lean principles
How to keep client involvement
- Always use the Language of the Client
- Maintain a Continuous Brainstorming Culture
- Establish an Open and Honest Team Environment
- Use a Co-Manager Model
What are the 5 project management process groups?
Scoping process grp.
Planning process grp.
Launching process grp.
Monitoring & controlling process grp.
Closing process grp.
What is the role of the scoping process group?
Develop and gain approval of a general statement of the goal and business value of the project.
Ø Identifying stakeholders
Ø Recruiting the project manager
Ø Eliciting the true needs and high-level requirements of the client
Ø Documenting the client’s needs
Ø Writing a one page description of the project
Ø Gaining senior management approval to plan the project
What is the role of the planning process group?
Identify work to be done and estimate time, cost and resource requirements and gain approval to do the project.
Ø Defining all of the work of the project
Ø Estimating how long it will take to complete this work
Ø Estimating the resources required to complete the work
Ø Estimating the total cost of the work
Ø Sequencing the work
Ø Building the initial project schedule
Ø Analyzing & adjusting the project schedule
Ø Writing a risk management plan
Ø Documenting the project plan
Ø Gaining senior management approval to launch the project
What is the role of the launchning process group?
Recruit the team and establish team operating rules.
Ø Recruiting the project team
Ø Writing the Project Description Document
Ø Establishing team operating rules
Ø Establishing the scope change management process
Ø Managing team communications
Ø Finalizing the project schedule
Ø Writing work packages
What is the role of the monitoring & controlling process group?
Respond to change requests and resolve problem
situations to maintain project progress.
Ø Establishing the project performance and reporting system
Ø Monitoring project performance
Ø Monitoring risk
Ø Reporting project status
Ø Processing scope change requests
Ø Discovering and solving problems
What is the role of the closing process group?
Assure attainment of client requirements and install
deliverables.
Ø Gaining client approval of having met project requirements
Ø Planning and installing deliverables
Ø Writing the final project report
Ø Conducting the post-implementation audit
What means POS?
Project Overview Statement:
It’s a document that includes a brief description of the project
-problmes/opportuniites
-project goals
-project objectives
-sucess criteria
-assumption/risk/obstacles
What mean RBS?
Requirement Breakdown Structure (scheme with all the requirement and all the function in cascad of the requirements)
What are the criteria of sucess defined in the POS?
=Ways of measuring business value
IRACIS
Increasing Revenue
Avoiding Cost
Improving Services
Only use quantitative meaurement
What are the POS Assumptions, Risks and Obstacles?
- Technological
- New to the company
- Obsolescence
- Environmental
- Management change
- Staff turnover
- Interpersonal
- Working relationships
- Cultural
- Fit to the company
- Causal Relationships
- Will the solution solve the problem
Who are the participants of the approval process?
Ø Core project team
Ø Project team
Ø Project manager
Ø Resource managers
Ø Function/process managers
Ø Client
Ø Senior management
How must be consider the individual work efficency?
Without considering the unexpected unplanned interuption
What should you do if you are in the middle of the matrix of static risks?
Consider the risk but don’t act
What are the goal of IRACIS?
they are the 3 ways to measure the buisness value (answer of the exam)
what are the step of the RBS from the top to the bottom?
Project goal
and solution>Requierment>Function>Sub-function>(process>activities>)Features
Following the order VRIO, wat are the advantage of a project?
no V * Competitive disadvantage
no R* Competitive Parity
no I * Temporary Competitive advantage
no O * Unused Competitive Advantage
evrything * Sustainable Competitive Advantage
In the co-manager system, of who the Devloppement team leader is in charge?
Developpement tasks leaders
what is the name of the creep when people lie about the scedule?
Hope creep
what is the name of the creep when final function doesn’t reply to the requirement ?
Scope creep
what is the name of the creep when people work but nothing go toward?
Effort creep
How many steps have any PMLC?
5
what is the name of the creep when people add useless and unasked features?
Feature creep
what is the ony approach used for extreme PMLC?
INSPIRE
what scrum used for?
iterative PMLC
who is in the core team?
5:
Project sponsor,
co-managers,
Dev. team leader,
client team leader
What is a sponsor?
A sponsor is any person or persons who support a project, program, or portfolio with the provision of resources that enables the project, program, or portfolio to provide business value to the enterprise.
What Is the Enterprise Project RASCI Matrix?
The RASCI Matrix identifies the relationship between individuals and the major processes, phases, or steps of an effort. In our case the responsibilities of the three major managers and three support professionals are linked to the six phases of the EPPM.
what means eppm?
Enterprise-level Project Portfolio Model
What thread should be avoid in brainsorming step?
Start to sort the ideas
What is the step the more suceptible to generate new ideas?
Prototyping
An objective statement should include:
Outcome>Time frame>Measure>Action
